Method for transmitting and receiving plurality of physical downlink control channels in wireless communication system, and device therefor

ABSTRACT

The present specification proposes a method for transmitting and receiving a plurality of PDCCHs in a wireless communication system, and a device therefor. Specifically, a method performed by a base station comprises: a step for receiving, from a UE, UE capability information indicating the number of beams that can be simultaneously supported; a step for transmitting independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)-related setting information to the UE; and a step for transmitting the plurality of PDCCHs to the UE on the basis of the ILJT-related setting information, wherein the ILJT-related setting information may be determined on the basis of the UE capability information.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system, andmore particularly to a method of transmitting and receiving a pluralityof physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) and a device supportingthe same.

BACKGROUND ART

A mobile communication system has been developed to provide a voiceservice while ensuring the activity of a user. However, the area of themobile communication system has extended to a data service in additionto a voice. Due to the current explosive increase in traffic, there is ashortage of resources, and thus users demand a higher speed service.Accordingly, there is a need for a more advanced mobile communicationsystem.

Requirements for a next-generation mobile communication system need tobe able to support the accommodation of explosive data traffic, adramatic increase in the data rate per user, the accommodation of asignificant increase in the number of connected devices, very lowend-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To this end, varioustechnologies, such as dual connectivity, massive multiple input multipleoutput (MIMO), in-band full duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA), super wideband support, and device networking, are researched.

DISCLOSURE Technical Problem

The present disclosure provides a method of defining a default quasico-location (QCL) source for receiving a plurality of physical downlinkshared channels (PDSCHs) in case of a multi-physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) based independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)operation, and a device therefor.

The present disclosure also provides a method in which control resourcesets (CORESETs) with different indexes are not configured for a userequipment (UE) simultaneously supporting one reception beam in the samebandwidth part (BWP), and a device therefor.

The technical objects to be achieved by the present disclosure are notlimited to those that have been described hereinabove merely by way ofexample, and other technical objects that are not mentioned can beclearly understood by those skilled in the art, to which the presentdisclosure pertains, from the following descriptions.

Technical Solution

In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method oftransmitting, by a base station, a plurality of physical downlinkcontrol channels (PDCCHs) in a wireless communication system, the methodcomprising receiving, from a user equipment (UE), UE capabilityinformation representing a number of simultaneously supportable beams,transmitting, to the UE, independent layer joint transmission(ILJT)-related configuration information, and transmitting, to the UE,the plurality of PDCCHs based on the ILJT-related configurationinformation, wherein the ILJT-related configuration information isdetermined based on the UE capability information.

The ILJT-related configuration information may include at least one ofinformation for the plurality of PDCCHs scheduling a plurality ofphysical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) that are overlapped, and/orinformation for a control resource set (CORESET).

The control resource set may be configured based on at least one indexrepresenting a group of a control resource set.

A number of the at least one index may be based on the UE capabilityinformation.

When the UE does not simultaneously support a plurality of beams, acontrol resource set may be configured based on one index.

When the UE simultaneously supports two beams, the control resource setmay be configured based on two indexes. A first PDCCH of a controlresource set with a first index may be transmitted from a differenttransmission and reception point, panel, or beam from a second PDCCH ofa control resource set with a second index.

The first PDCCH may be received based on different QCL information forspatial parameter from the second PDCCH.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a basestation transmitting a plurality of physical downlink control channels(PDCCHs) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising one ormore transceivers, one or more processors, and one or more memoriesfunctionally connected to the one or more processors and storinginstructions performing operations, wherein the operations includereceiving, from a user equipment (UE), UE capability informationrepresenting a number of simultaneously supportable beams, transmitting,to the UE, independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)-relatedconfiguration information, and transmitting, to the UE, the plurality ofPDCCHs based on the ILJT-related configuration information, wherein theILJT-related configuration information is determined based on the UEcapability information.

The ILJT-related configuration information may include at least one ofinformation for the plurality of PDCCHs scheduling a plurality ofphysical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) that are overlapped, and/orinformation for a control resource set (CORESET).

The control resource set may be configured based on at least one indexrepresenting a group of a control resource set.

A number of the at least one index may be based on the UE capabilityinformation.

When the UE does not simultaneously support a plurality of beams, acontrol resource set may be configured based on one index.

When the UE simultaneously supports two beams, the control resource setmay be configured based on two indexes. A first PDCCH of a controlresource set with a first index may be transmitted from a differenttransmission and reception point, panel, or beam from a second PDCCH ofa control resource set with a second index.

The first PDCCH may be received based on different QCL information forspatial parameter from the second PDCCH.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a devicecomprising one or more memories, and one or more processors functionallyconnected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or moreprocessors are configured to allow the device to receive, from a userequipment (UE), UE capability information representing a number ofsimultaneously supportable beams, transmit, to the UE, independent layerjoint transmission (ILJT)-related configuration information, andtransmit, to the UE, the plurality of PDCCHs based on the ILJT-relatedconfiguration information, wherein the ILJT-related configurationinformation is determined based on the UE capability information.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided anon-temporary computer readable medium (CRM) storing one or morecommands, wherein the one or more commands, that are executable by oneor more processors, cause a base station to receive, from a userequipment (UE), UE capability information representing a number ofsimultaneously supportable beams, transmit, to the UE, independent layerjoint transmission (ILJT)-related configuration information, andtransmit, to the UE, the plurality of PDCCHs based on the ILJT-relatedconfiguration information, wherein the ILJT-related configurationinformation is determined based on the UE capability information.

Advantageous Effects

The present disclosure has an effect capable of receiving a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, etc. withoutambiguity of reception beam configuration by defining default QCLinformation (or source) for receiving a plurality of PDSCHs in amulti-PDCCH based ILJT operation.

The present disclosure has an effect capable of implementing alow-latency and high reliable communication system by not configuringcontrol resource sets with different group indexes for a UEsimultaneously supporting one reception beam in the same bandwidth part.

The present disclosure has an effect capable of receiving a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, etc. withoutambiguity of reception beam configuration, when TCI informations (orspatial QCL sources) of a plurality of PDSCHs that are scheduled after arequest time for a beam change are different from each other.

Effects that could be achieved with the present disclosure are notlimited to those that have been described hereinabove merely by way ofexample, and other effects and advantages of the present disclosure willbe more clearly understood from the following description by a personskilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the disclosure and constitute a part of the detaileddescription, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together withthe description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 illustrates an AI device to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 2 illustrates an AI server to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 3 illustrates an AI system to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an overall structure of an NR system towhich a method described in the present disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 5 illustrates the relation between an uplink frame and a downlinkframe in a wireless communication system to which a method described inthe present disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a frame structure in an NR system.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a resource grid supported in a wirelesscommunication system to which a method described in the presentdisclosure is applicable.

FIG. 8 illustrates examples of a resource grid per antenna port andnumerology to which a method described in the present disclosure isapplicable.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a self-contained structure to which amethod described in the present disclosure is applicable.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a CSI-relatedprocedure.

FIG. 11 is a concept view illustrating an example of a beam-relatedmeasurement model.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a DL BM procedure-related Tx beam.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a DL BM procedureusing an SSB.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a DL BM procedure using a CSI-RS.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a received beamdetermination process of a UE.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a method ofdetermining, by a base station, a Tx beam.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of resource allocation in time andfrequency domains related to the operation of FIG. 14.

FIG. 18 illustrates an implementation of applying ILJT to a basic UE.

FIG. 19 is a flow chart illustrating an operation method of a UEdescribed in the present disclosure.

FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating an operation method of a basestation described in the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 illustrates a communication system 10 applied to the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 22 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 23 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a Tx signal.

FIG. 24 illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 25 illustrates a portable device applied to the present disclosure.

MODE FOR INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the disclosure,examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Adetailed description to be disclosed below together with theaccompanying drawing is to describe exemplary embodiments of the presentdisclosure and not to describe a unique embodiment for carrying out thepresent disclosure. The detailed description below includes details toprovide a complete understanding of the present disclosure. However,those skilled in the art know that the present disclosure can be carriedout without the details.

In some cases, in order to prevent a concept of the present disclosurefrom being ambiguous, known structures and devices may be omitted orillustrated in a block diagram format based on core functions of eachstructure and device.

In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) means a terminal node ofa network directly performing communication with a terminal. In thepresent disclosure, specific operations described to be performed by thebase station may be performed by an upper node of the base station, ifnecessary or desired. That is, it is obvious that in the networkconsisting of multiple network nodes including the base station, variousoperations performed for communication with the terminal can beperformed by the base station or network nodes other than the basestation. The ‘base station (BS)’ may be replaced with terms such as afixed station, Node B, evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system(BTS), an access point (AP), gNB (general NB), and the like. Further, a‘terminal’ may be fixed or movable and may be replaced with terms suchas user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), amobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advancedmobile station (AMS), a wireless terminal (WT), a machine-typecommunication (MTC) device, a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, adevice-to-device (D2D) device, and the like.

In the following, downlink (DL) means communication from the basestation to the terminal, and uplink (UL) means communication from theterminal to the base station. In the downlink, a transmitter may be apart of the base station, and a receiver may be a part of the terminal.In the uplink, the transmitter may be a part of the terminal, and thereceiver may be a part of the base station.

Specific terms used in the following description are provided to helpthe understanding of the present disclosure, and may be changed to otherforms within the scope without departing from the technical spirit ofthe present disclosure.

The following technology may be used in various wireless access systems,such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency divisionmultiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonalfrequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier-TDMA(SC-FDMA), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and the like. The CDMAmay be implemented by radio technology such as universal terrestrialradio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. The TDMA may be implemented by radiotechnology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/generalpacket radio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution(EDGE). The OFDMA may be implemented as radio technology such as IEEE802.11(Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA),and the like. The UTRA is a part of a universal mobile telecommunicationsystem (UMTS). 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long termevolution (LTE), as a part of an evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA,adopts the OFDMA in the downlink and the SC-FDMA in the uplink. LTE-A(advanced) is the evolution of 3GPP LTE.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be supported by standarddocuments disclosed in at least one of IEEE 802, 3GPP, and 3GPP2 whichare the wireless access systems. That is, steps or parts in theembodiments of the present disclosure which are not described to clearlyshow the technical spirit of the present disclosure may be supported bythe standard documents. Further, all terms described in this documentmay be described by the standard document.

3GPP LTE/LTE-A/New RAT (NR) is primarily described for cleardescription, but technical features of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto.

Hereinafter, examples of 5G use scenarios to which a method proposed inthe disclosure may be applied are described.

Three major requirement areas of 5G include (1) an enhanced mobilebroadband (eMBB) area, (2) a massive machine type communication (mMTC)area and (3) an ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC)area.

Some use cases may require multiple areas for optimization, and otheruse case may be focused on only one key performance indicator (KPI). 5Gsupport such various use cases in a flexible and reliable manner.

eMBB is far above basic mobile Internet access and covers media andentertainment applications in abundant bidirectional tasks, cloud oraugmented reality. Data is one of key motive powers of 5G, and dedicatedvoice services may not be first seen in the 5G era. In 5G, it isexpected that voice will be processed as an application program using adata connection simply provided by a communication system. Major causesfor an increased traffic volume include an increase in the content sizeand an increase in the number of applications that require a high datatransfer rate. Streaming service (audio and video), dialogue type videoand mobile Internet connections will be used more widely as more devicesare connected to the Internet. Such many application programs requireconnectivity always turned on in order to push real-time information andnotification to a user. A cloud storage and application suddenlyincreases in the mobile communication platform, and this may be appliedto both business and entertainment. Furthermore, cloud storage is aspecial use case that tows the growth of an uplink data transfer rate.5G is also used for remote business of cloud. When a tactile interfaceis used, further lower end-to-end latency is required to maintainexcellent user experiences. Entertainment, for example, cloud game andvideo streaming are other key elements which increase a need for themobile broadband ability. Entertainment is essential in the smartphoneand tablet anywhere including high mobility environments, such as atrain, a vehicle and an airplane. Another use case is augmented realityand information search for entertainment. In this case, augmentedreality requires very low latency and an instant amount of data.

Furthermore, one of the most expected 5G use case relates to a functioncapable of smoothly connecting embedded sensors in all fields, that is,mMTC. Until 2020, it is expected that potential IoT devices will reach20.4 billion. The industry IoT is one of areas in which 5G performsmajor roles enabling smart city, asset tracking, smart utility,agriculture and security infra.

URLLC includes a new service which will change the industry throughremote control of major infra and a link having ultra reliability/lowavailable latency, such as a self-driving vehicle. A level ofreliability and latency is essential for smart grid control, industryautomation, robot engineering, drone control and adjustment.

Multiple use cases are described more specifically.

5G may supplement fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband (orDOCSIS) as means for providing a stream evaluated from gigabits persecond to several hundreds of mega bits per second. Such fast speed isnecessary to deliver TV with resolution of 4K or more (6K, 8K or more)in addition to virtual reality and augmented reality. Virtual reality(VR) and augmented reality (AR) applications include immersive sportsgames. A specific application program may require a special networkconfiguration. For example, in the case of VR game, in order for gamecompanies to minimize latency, a core server may need to be integratedwith the edge network server of a network operator.

Automotive is expected to be an important and new motive power in 5G,along with many use cases for the mobile communication of an automotive.For example, entertainment for a passenger requires a high capacity anda high mobility mobile broadband at the same time. The reason for thisis that future users continue to expect a high-quality connectionregardless of their location and speed. Another use example of theautomotive field is an augmented reality dashboard. The augmentedreality dashboard overlaps and displays information, identifying anobject in the dark and notifying a driver of the distance and movementof the object, over a thing seen by the driver through a front window.In the future, a wireless module enables communication betweenautomotives, information exchange between an automotive and a supportedinfrastructure, and information exchange between automotive and otherconnected devices (e.g., devices accompanied by a pedestrian). A safetysystem guides alternative courses of a behavior so that a driver candrive more safely, thereby reducing a danger of an accident. A next stepwill be a remotely controlled or self-driven vehicle. This requires veryreliable, very fast communication between different self-driven vehiclesand between an automotive and infra. In the future, a self-drivenvehicle may perform all driving activities, and a driver will be focusedon things other than traffic, which cannot be identified by anautomotive itself. Technical requirements of a self-driven vehiclerequire ultra-low latency and ultra-high speed reliability so thattraffic safety is increased up to a level which cannot be achieved by aperson.

A smart city and smart home mentioned as a smart society will beembedded as a high-density radio sensor network. The distributed networkof intelligent sensors will identify the cost of a city or home and acondition for energy-efficient maintenance. A similar configuration maybe performed for each home. All of a temperature sensor, a window andheating controller, a burglar alarm and home appliances are wirelesslyconnected. Many of such sensors are typically a low data transfer rate,low energy and a low cost. However, for example, real-time HD video maybe required for a specific type of device for surveillance.

The consumption and distribution of energy including heat or gas arehighly distributed and thus require automated control of a distributedsensor network. A smart grid collects information, and interconnectssuch sensors using digital information and a communication technology sothat the sensors operate based on the information. The information mayinclude the behaviors of a supplier and consumer, and thus the smartgrid may improve the distribution of fuel, such as electricity, in anefficient, reliable, economical, production-sustainable and automatedmanner. The smart grid may be considered to be another sensor networkhaving small latency.

A health part owns many application programs which reap the benefits ofmobile communication. A communication system can support remotetreatment providing clinical treatment at a distant place. This helps toreduce a barrier for the distance and can improve access to medicalservices which are not continuously used at remote farming areas.Furthermore, this is used to save life in important treatment and anemergency condition. A radio sensor network based on mobilecommunication can provide remote monitoring and sensors for parameters,such as the heart rate and blood pressure.

Radio and mobile communication becomes increasingly important in theindustry application field. Wiring requires a high installation andmaintenance cost. Accordingly, the possibility that a cable will bereplaced with reconfigurable radio links is an attractive opportunity inmany industrial fields. However, to achieve the possibility requiresthat a radio connection operates with latency, reliability and capacitysimilar to those of the cable and that management is simplified. Lowlatency and a low error probability is a new requirement for aconnection to 5G.

Logistics and freight tracking is an important use case for mobilecommunication, which enables the tracking inventory and packagesanywhere using a location-based information system. The logistics andfreight tracking use case typically requires a low data speed, but awide area and reliable location information.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial intelligence means the field in which artificial intelligenceor methodology capable of producing artificial intelligence isresearched. Machine learning means the field in which various problemshandled in the artificial intelligence field are defined and methodologyfor solving the problems are researched. Machine learning is alsodefined as an algorithm for improving performance of a task throughcontinuous experiences for the task.

An artificial neural network (ANN) is a model used in machine learning,and is configured with artificial neurons (nodes) forming a networkthrough a combination of synapses, and may mean the entire model havinga problem-solving ability. The artificial neural network may be definedby a connection pattern between the neurons of different layers, alearning process of updating a model parameter, and an activationfunction for generating an output value.

The artificial neural network may include an input layer, an outputlayer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes oneor more neurons. The artificial neural network may include a synapseconnecting neurons. In the artificial neural network, each neuron mayoutput a function value of an activation function for input signals,weight, and a bias input through a synapse.

A model parameter means a parameter determined through learning, andincludes the weight of a synapse connection and the bias of a neuron.Furthermore, a hyper parameter means a parameter that needs to beconfigured prior to learning in the machine learning algorithm, andincludes a learning rate, the number of times of repetitions, amini-deployment size, and an initialization function.

An object of learning of the artificial neural network may be consideredto determine a model parameter that minimizes a loss function. The lossfunction may be used as an index for determining an optimal modelparameter in the learning process of an artificial neural network.

Machine learning may be classified into supervised learning,unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning based on a learningmethod.

Supervised learning means a method of training an artificial neuralnetwork in the state in which a label for learning data has been given.The label may mean an answer (or a result value) that must be deduced byan artificial neural network when learning data is input to theartificial neural network. Unsupervised learning may mean a method oftraining an artificial neural network in the state in which a label forlearning data has not been given. Reinforcement learning may mean alearning method in which an agent defined within an environment istrained to select a behavior or behavior sequence that maximizesaccumulated compensation in each state.

Machine learning implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) including aplurality of hidden layers, among artificial neural networks, is alsocalled deep learning. Deep learning is part of machine learning.Hereinafter, machine learning is used as a meaning including deeplearning.

Robot

A robot may mean a machine that automatically processes a given task oroperates based on an autonomously owned ability. Particularly, a robothaving a function for recognizing an environment and autonomouslydetermining and performing an operation may be called an intelligencetype robot.

A robot may be classified for industry, medical treatment, home, andmilitary based on its use purpose or field.

A robot includes a driving unit including an actuator or motor, and mayperform various physical operations, such as moving a robot joint.Furthermore, a movable robot includes a wheel, a brake, a propeller,etc. in a driving unit, and may run on the ground or fly in the airthrough the driving unit.

Self-Driving (Autonomous-Driving)

Self-driving means a technology for autonomous driving. A self-drivingvehicle means a vehicle that runs without a user manipulation or by auser's minimum manipulation.

For example, self-driving may include all of a technology formaintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controllingspeed, such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automaticdriving along a predetermined path, a technology for automaticallyconfiguring a path when a destination is set and driving.

A vehicle includes all of a vehicle having only an internal combustionengine, a hybrid vehicle including both an internal combustion engineand an electric motor, and an electric vehicle having only an electricmotor, and may include a train, a motorcycle, etc. in addition to thevehicles.

In this case, the self-driving vehicle may be considered to be a robothaving a self-driving function.

Extended Reality (XR)

Extended reality collectively refers to virtual reality (VR), augmentedreality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). The VR technology provides anobject or background of the real world as a CG image only. The ARtechnology provides a virtually produced CG image on an actual thingimage. The MR technology is a computer graphics technology for mixingand combining virtual objects with the real world and providing them.

The MR technology is similar to the AR technology in that it shows areal object and a virtual object. However, in the AR technology, avirtual object is used in a form to supplement a real object. Incontrast, unlike in the AR technology, in the MR technology, a virtualobject and a real object are used as the same character.

The XR technology may be applied to a head-mount display (HMD), ahead-up display (HUD), a mobile phone, a tablet PC, a laptop, a desktop,TV, and a digital signage. A device to which the XR technology has beenapplied may be called an XR device.

FIG. 1 illustrates an AI device 100 to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

The AI device 100 may be implemented as a fixed device or mobile device,such as TV, a projector, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a desktopcomputer, a notebook, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a personaldigital assistants (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), anavigator, a tablet PC, a wearable device, a set-top box (STB), a DMBreceiver, a radio, a washing machine, a refrigerator, a desktopcomputer, a digital signage, a robot, and a vehicle.

Referring to FIG. 1, the terminal 100 may include a communication unit110, an input unit 120, a learning processor 130, a sensing unit 140, anoutput unit 150, memory 170 and a processor 180.

The communication unit 110 may transmit and receive data to and fromexternal devices, such as other AI devices 100 a to 100 er or an AIserver 200, using wired and wireless communication technologies. Forexample, the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive sensorinformation, a user input, a learning model, and a control signal to andfrom external devices.

In this case, communication technologies used by the communication unit110 include a global system for mobile communication (GSM), codedivision multi access (CDMA), long term evolution (LTE), 5G, a wirelessLAN (WLAN), wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi), Bluetooth™ radio frequencyidentification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ZigBee, nearfield communication (NFC), etc.

The input unit 120 may obtain various types of data.

In this case, the input unit 120 may include a camera for an imagesignal input, a microphone for receiving an audio signal, a user inputunit for receiving information from a user, etc. In this case, thecamera or the microphone is treated as a sensor, and a signal obtainedfrom the camera or the microphone may be called sensing data or sensorinformation.

The input unit 120 may obtain learning data for model learning and inputdata to be used when an output is obtained using a learning model. Theinput unit 120 may obtain not-processed input data. In this case, theprocessor 180 or the learning processor 130 may extract an input featureby performing pre-processing on the input data.

The learning processor 130 may be trained by a model configured with anartificial neural network using learning data. In this case, the trainedartificial neural network may be called a learning model. The learningmodel is used to deduce a result value of new input data not learningdata. The deduced value may be used as a base for performing a givenoperation.

In this case, the learning processor 130 may perform AI processing alongwith the learning processor 240 of the AI server 200.

In this case, the learning processor 130 may include memory integratedor implemented in the AI device 100. Alternatively, the learningprocessor 130 may be implemented using the memory 170, external memorydirectly coupled to the AI device 100 or memory maintained in anexternal device.

The sensing unit 140 may obtain at least one of internal information ofthe AI device 100, surrounding environment information of the AI device100, or user information using various sensors.

In this case, sensors included in the sensing unit 140 include aproximity sensor, an illumination sensor, an acceleration sensor, amagnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertia sensor, an RGB sensor, an IRsensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a photosensor, a microphone, LIDAR, and a radar.

The output unit 150 may generate an output related to a visual sense, anauditory sense or a tactile sense.

In this case, the output unit 150 may include a display unit foroutputting visual information, a speaker for outputting auditoryinformation, and a haptic module for outputting tactile information.

The memory 170 may store data supporting various functions of the AIdevice 100. For example, the memory 170 may store input data obtained bythe input unit 120, learning data, a learning model, a learning history,etc.

The processor 180 may determine at least one executable operation of theAI device 100 based on information, determined or generated using a dataanalysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. Furthermore, theprocessor 180 may perform the determined operation by controllingelements of the AI device 100.

To this end, the processor 180 may request, search, receive, and use thedata of the learning processor 130 or the memory 170, and may controlelements of the AI device 100 to execute a predicted operation or anoperation determined to be preferred, among the at least one executableoperation.

In this case, if association with an external device is necessary toperform the determined operation, the processor 180 may generate acontrol signal for controlling the corresponding external device andtransmit the generated control signal to the corresponding externaldevice.

The processor 180 may obtain intention information for a user input andtransmit user requirements based on the obtained intention information.

In this case, the processor 180 may obtain the intention information,corresponding to the user input, using at least one of a speech to text(STT) engine for converting a voice input into a text string or anatural language processing (NLP) engine for obtaining intentioninformation of a natural language.

In this case, at least some of at least one of the STT engine or the NLPengine may be configured as an artificial neural network trained basedon a machine learning algorithm. Furthermore, at least one of the STTengine or the NLP engine may have been trained by the learning processor130, may have been trained by the learning processor 240 of the AIserver 200 or may have been trained by distributed processing thereof.

The processor 180 may collect history information including theoperation contents of the AI device 100 or the feedback of a user for anoperation, may store the history information in the memory 170 or thelearning processor 130, or may transmit the history information to anexternal device, such as the AI server 200. The collected historyinformation may be used to update a learning model.

The processor 18 may control at least some of the elements of the AIdevice 100 in order to execute an application program stored in thememory 170. Moreover, the processor 180 may combine and drive two ormore of the elements included in the AI device 100 in order to executethe application program.

FIG. 2 illustrates an AI server 200 to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

Referring to FIG. 2, the AI server 200 may mean a device which istrained by an artificial neural network using a machine learningalgorithm or which uses a trained artificial neural network. In thiscase, the AI server 200 is configured with a plurality of servers andmay perform distributed processing and may be defined as a 5G network.In this case, the AI server 200 may be included as a partialconfiguration of the AI device 100, and may perform at least some of AIprocessing.

The AI server 200 may include a communication unit 210, memory 230, alearning processor 240 and a processor 260.

The communication unit 210 may transmit and receive data to and from anexternal device, such as the AI device 100.

The memory 230 may include a model storage unit 231. The model storageunit 231 may store a model (or artificial neural network 231 a) which isbeing trained or has been trained through the learning processor 240.

The learning processor 240 may train the artificial neural network 231 ausing learning data. The learning model may be used in the state inwhich it has been mounted on the AI server 200 of the artificial neuralnetwork or may be mounted on an external device, such as the AI device100, and used.

The learning model may be implemented as hardware, software or acombination of hardware and software. If some of or the entire learningmodel is implemented as software, one or more instructions configuringthe learning model may be stored in the memory 230.

The processor 260 may deduce a result value of new input data using thelearning model, and may generate a response or control command based onthe deduced result value.

FIG. 3 illustrates an AI system 1 to which a method described in thepresent disclosure is applicable.

Referring to FIG. 3, the AI system 1 is connected to at least one of theAI server 200, a robot 100 a, a self-driving vehicle 100 b, an XR device100 c, a smartphone 100 d or home appliances 100 e over a cloud network10. In this case, the robot 100 a, the self-driving vehicle 100 b, theXR device 100 c, the smartphone 100 d or the home appliances 100 e towhich the AI technology has been applied may be called AI devices 100 ato 100 e.

The cloud network 10 may configure part of cloud computing infra or maymean a network present within cloud computing infra. In this case, thecloud network 10 may be configured using the 3G network, the 4G or longterm evolution (LTE) network or the 5G network.

That is, the devices 100 a to 100 e (200) configuring the AI system 1may be interconnected over the cloud network 10. Particularly, thedevices 100 a to 100 e and 200 may communicate with each other through abase station, but may directly communicate with each other without theintervention of a base station.

The AI server 200 may include a server for performing AI processing anda server for performing calculation on big data.

The AI server 200 is connected to at least one of the robot 100 a, theself-driving vehicle 100 b, the XR device 100 c, the smartphone 100 d orthe home appliances 100 e, that is, AI devices configuring the AI system1, over the cloud network 10, and may help at least some of the AIprocessing of the connected AI devices 100 a to 100 e.

In this case, the AI server 200 may train an artificial neural networkbased on a machine learning algorithm in place of the AI devices 100 ato 100 e, may directly store a learning model or may transmit thelearning model to the AI devices 100 a to 100 e.

In this case, the AI server 200 may receive input data from the AIdevices 100 a to 100 e, may deduce a result value of the received inputdata using the learning model, may generate a response or controlcommand based on the deduced result value, and may transmit the responseor control command to the AI devices 100 a to 100 e.

Alternatively, the AI devices 100 a to 100 e may directly deduce aresult value of input data using a learning model, and may generate aresponse or control command based on the deduced result value.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the AI devices 100 a to 100 e towhich the above-described technology is applied are described. In thiscase, the AI devices 100 a to 100 e shown in FIG. 3 may be considered tobe detailed embodiments of the AI device 100 shown in FIG. 1.

AI+Robot

An AI technology is applied to the robot 100 a, and the robot 100 a maybe implemented as a guidance robot, a transport robot, a cleaning robot,a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a pet robot, an unmannedflight robot, etc.

The robot 100 a may include a robot control module for controlling anoperation. The robot control module may mean a software module or a chipin which a software module has been implemented using hardware.

The robot 100 a may obtain state information of the robot 100 a, maydetect (recognize) a surrounding environment and object, may generatemap data, may determine a moving path and a running plan, may determinea response to a user interaction, or may determine an operation usingsensor information obtained from various types of sensors.

In this case, the robot 100 a may use sensor information obtained by atleast one sensor among LIDAR, a radar, and a camera in order todetermine the moving path and running plan.

The robot 100 a may perform the above operations using a learning modelconfigured with at least one artificial neural network. For example, therobot 100 a may recognize a surrounding environment and object using alearning model, and may determine an operation using recognizedsurrounding environment information or object information. In this case,the learning model may have been directly trained in the robot 100 a ormay have been trained in an external device, such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the robot 100 a may directly generate results using thelearning model and perform an operation, but may perform an operation bytransmitting sensor information to an external device, such as the AIserver 200, and receiving results generated in response thereto.

The robot 100 a may determine a moving path and running plan using atleast one of map data, object information detected from sensorinformation, or object information obtained from an external device. Therobot 100 a may run along the determined moving path and running plan bycontrolling the driving unit.

The map data may include object identification information for variousobjects disposed in the space in which the robot 100 a moves. Forexample, the map data may include object identification information forfixed objects, such as a wall and a door, and movable objects, such as aflowport and a desk. Furthermore, the object identification informationmay include a name, a type, a distance, a location, etc.

Furthermore, the robot 100 a may perform an operation or run bycontrolling the driving unit based on a user's control/interaction. Inthis case, the robot 100 a may obtain intention information of aninteraction according to a user's behavior or voice speaking, maydetermine a response based on the obtained intention information, andmay perform an operation.

AI+Self-Driving

An AI technology is applied to the self-driving vehicle 100 b, and theself-driving vehicle 100 b may be implemented as a movable type robot, avehicle, an unmanned flight body, etc.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b may include a self-driving control modulefor controlling a self-driving function. The self-driving control modulemay mean a software module or a chip in which a software module has beenimplemented using hardware. The self-driving control module may beincluded in the self-driving vehicle 100 b as an element of theself-driving vehicle 100 b, but may be configured as separate hardwareoutside the self-driving vehicle 100 b and connected to the self-drivingvehicle 100 b.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b may obtain state information of theself-driving vehicle 100 b, may detect (recognize) a surroundingenvironment and object, may generate map data, may determine a movingpath and running plan, or may determine an operation using sensorinformation obtained from various types of sensors.

In this case, in order to determine the moving path and running plan,like the robot 100 a, the self-driving vehicle 100 b may use sensorinformation obtained from at least one sensor among LIDAR, a radar and acamera.

Particularly, the self-driving vehicle 100 b may recognize anenvironment or object in an area whose view is blocked or an area of agiven distance or more by receiving sensor information for theenvironment or object from external devices, or may directly receiverecognized information for the environment or object from externaldevices.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b may perform the above operations using alearning model configured with at least one artificial neural network.For example, the self-driving vehicle 100 b may recognize a surroundingenvironment and object using a learning model, and may determine theflow of running using recognized surrounding environment information orobject information. In this case, the learning model may have beendirectly trained in the self-driving vehicle 100 b or may have beentrained in an external device, such as the AI server 200.

In this case, the self-driving vehicle 100 b may directly generateresults using the learning model and perform an operation, but mayperform an operation by transmitting sensor information to an externaldevice, such as the AI server 200, and receiving results generated inresponse thereto.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b may determine a moving path and runningplan using at least one of map data, object information detected fromsensor information or object information obtained from an externaldevice. The self-driving vehicle 100 b may run based on the determinedmoving path and running plan by controlling the driving unit.

The map data may include object identification information for variousobjects disposed in the space (e.g., road) in which the self-drivingvehicle 100 b runs. For example, the map data may include objectidentification information for fixed objects, such as a streetlight, arock, and a building, etc., and movable objects, such as a vehicle and apedestrian. Furthermore, the object identification information mayinclude a name, a type, a distance, a location, etc.

Furthermore, the self-driving vehicle 100 b may perform an operation ormay run by controlling the driving unit based on a user'scontrol/interaction. In this case, the self-driving vehicle 100 b mayobtain intention information of an interaction according to a user′behavior or voice speaking, may determine a response based on theobtained intention information, and may perform an operation.

AI+XR

An AI technology is applied to the XR device 100 c, and the XR device100 c may be implemented as a head-mount display, a head-up displayprovided in a vehicle, television, a mobile phone, a smartphone, acomputer, a wearable device, home appliances, a digital signage, avehicle, a fixed type robot or a movable type robot.

The XR device 100 c may generate location data and attributes data forthree-dimensional points by analyzing three-dimensional point cloud dataor image data obtained through various sensors or from an externaldevice, may obtain information for a surrounding space or real objectbased on the generated location data and attributes data, and may outputan XR object by rendering the XR object. For example, the XR device 100c may output an XR object, including additional information for arecognized object, by making the XR object correspond to thecorresponding recognized object.

The XR device 100 c may perform the above operations using a learningmodel configured with at least one artificial neural network. Forexample, the XR device 100 c may recognize a real object inthree-dimensional point cloud data or image data using a learning model,and may provide information corresponding to the recognized real object.In this case, the learning model may have been directly trained in theXR device 100 c or may have been trained in an external device, such asthe AI server 200.

In this case, the XR device 100 c may directly generate results using alearning model and perform an operation, but may perform an operation bytransmitting sensor information to an external device, such as the AIserver 200, and receiving results generated in response thereto.

AI+Robot+Self-Driving

An AI technology and a self-driving technology are applied to the robot100 a, and the robot 100 a may be implemented as a guidance robot, atransport robot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainmentrobot, a pet robot, an unmanned flight robot, etc.

The robot 100 a to which the AI technology and the self-drivingtechnology have been applied may mean a robot itself having aself-driving function or may mean the robot 100 a interacting with theself-driving vehicle 100 b.

The robot 100 a having the self-driving function may collectively referto devices that autonomously run along a given flow without control of auser or that autonomously determine a flow and move.

The robot 100 a and the self-driving vehicle 100 b having theself-driving function may use a common sensing method in order todetermine one or more of a moving path or a running plan. For example,the robot 100 a and the self-driving vehicle 100 b having theself-driving function may determine one or more of a moving path or arunning plan using information sensed through a LIDAR, a radar, acamera, etc.

The robot 100 a interacting with the self-driving vehicle 100 b ispresent separately from the self-driving vehicle 100 b, and may performan operation associated with a self-driving function inside or outsidethe self-driving vehicle 100 b or associated with a user got in theself-driving vehicle 100 b.

In this case, the robot 100 a interacting with the self-driving vehicle100 b may control or assist the self-driving function of theself-driving vehicle 100 b by obtaining sensor information in place ofthe self-driving vehicle 100 b and providing the sensor information tothe self-driving vehicle 100 b, or by obtaining sensor information,generating surrounding environment information or object information,and providing the surrounding environment information or objectinformation to the self-driving vehicle 100 b.

Alternatively, the robot 100 a interacting with the self-driving vehicle100 b may control the function of the self-driving vehicle 100 b bymonitoring a user got in the self-driving vehicle 100 b or through aninteraction with a user. For example, if a driver is determined to be adrowsiness state, the robot 100 a may activate the self-driving functionof the self-driving vehicle 100 b or assist control of the driving unitof the self-driving vehicle 100 b. In this case, the function of theself-driving vehicle 100 b controlled by the robot 100 a may include afunction provided by a navigation system or audio system provided withinthe self-driving vehicle 100 b, in addition to a self-driving functionsimply.

Alternatively, the robot 100 a interacting with the self-driving vehicle100 b may provide information to the self-driving vehicle 100 b or mayassist a function outside the self-driving vehicle 100 b. For example,the robot 100 a may provide the self-driving vehicle 100 b with trafficinformation, including signal information, as in a smart traffic light,and may automatically connect an electric charger to a filling inletthrough an interaction with the self-driving vehicle 100 b as in theautomatic electric charger of an electric vehicle.

AI+Robot+XR

An AI technology and an XR technology are applied to the robot 100 a,and the robot 100 a may be implemented as a guidance robot, a transportrobot, a cleaning robot, a wearable robot, an entertainment robot, a petrobot, an unmanned flight robot, a drone, etc.

The robot 100 a to which the XR technology has been applied may mean arobot, that is, a target of control/interaction within an XR image. Inthis case, the robot 100 a is different from the XR device 100 c, andthey may operate in conjunction with each other.

When the robot 100 a, that is, a target of control/interaction within anXR image, obtains sensor information from sensors including a camera,the robot 100 a or the XR device 100 c may generate an XR image based onthe sensor information, and the XR device 100 c may output the generatedXR image. Furthermore, the robot 100 a may operate based on a controlsignal received through the XR device 100 c or a user's interaction.

For example, a user may identify a corresponding XR image at timing ofthe robot 100 a, remotely operating in conjunction through an externaldevice, such as the XR device 100 c, may adjust the self-driving path ofthe robot 100 a through an interaction, may control an operation ordriving, or may identify information of a surrounding object.

AI+Self-Driving+XR

An AI technology and an XR technology are applied to the self-drivingvehicle 100 b, and the self-driving vehicle 100 b may be implemented asa movable type robot, a vehicle, an unmanned flight body, etc.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b to which the XR technology has beenapplied may mean a self-driving vehicle equipped with means forproviding an XR image or a self-driving vehicle, that is, a target ofcontrol/interaction within an XR image. Particularly, the self-drivingvehicle 100 b, that is, a target of control/interaction within an XRimage, is different from the XR device 100 c, and they may operate inconjunction with each other.

The self-driving vehicle 100 b equipped with the means for providing anXR image may obtain sensor information from sensors including a camera,and may output an XR image generated based on the obtained sensorinformation. For example, the self-driving vehicle 100 b includes anHUD, and may provide a passenger with an XR object corresponding to areal object or an object within a screen by outputting an XR image.

In this case, when the XR object is output to the HUD, at least some ofthe XR object may be output with it overlapping a real object towardwhich a passenger's view is directed. In contrast, when the XR object isdisplayed on a display included within the self-driving vehicle 100 b,at least some of the XR object may be output so that it overlaps anobject within a screen. For example, the self-driving vehicle 100 b mayoutput XR objects corresponding to objects, such as a carriageway,another vehicle, a traffic light, a signpost, a two-wheeled vehicle, apedestrian, and a building.

When the self-driving vehicle 100 b, that is, a target ofcontrol/interaction within an XR image, obtains sensor information fromsensors including a camera, the self-driving vehicle 100 b or the XRdevice 100 c may generate an XR image based on the sensor information.The XR device 100 c may output the generated XR image. Furthermore, theself-driving vehicle 100 b may operate based on a control signalreceived through an external device, such as the XR device 100 c, or auser's interaction.

As smartphones and Internet of Things (IoT) terminals are rapidlyspread, the amount of information exchanged through a communicationnetwork is increasing. As a result, next-generation wireless accesstechnologies can provide faster service to more users than traditionalcommunication systems (or traditional radio access technologies) (e.g.,enhanced mobile broadband communication) Needs to be considered.

To this end, the design of a communication system that considers MachineType Communication (MTC), which provides services by connecting a numberof devices and objects, is being discussed. It is also being discussedas a multiuser of communication systems (e.g., Ultra-Reliable and LowLatency Communication, URLLC) that take into account the reliabilityand/or latency-sensitive services (service) and/or a user equipment.

Hereinafter, in the present disclosure, for convenience of description,the next generation radio access technology is referred to as NR (NewRAT), and the radio communication system to which the NR is applied isreferred to as an NR system.

Definition of Terms

eLTE eNB: The eLTE eNB is the evolution of eNB that supportsconnectivity to EPC and NGC.

gNB: A node which supports the NR as well as connectivity to NGC.

New RAN: A radio access network which supports either NR or E-UTRA orinterfaces with the NGC.

Network slice: A network slice is a network created by the operatorcustomized to provide an optimized solution for a specific marketscenario which demands specific requirements with end-to-end scope.

Network function: A network function is a logical node within a networkinfrastructure that has well-defined external interfaces andwell-defined functional behaviour.

NG-C: A control plane interface used on NG2 reference points between newRAN and NGC.

NG-U: A user plane interface used on NG3 references points between newRAN and NGC.

Non-standalone NR: A deployment configuration where the gNB requires anLTE eNB as an anchor for control plane connectivity to EPC, or requiresan eLTE eNB as an anchor for control plane connectivity to NGC.

Non-standalone E-UTRA: A deployment configuration where the eLTE eNBrequires a gNB as an anchor for control plane connectivity to NGC.

User plane gateway: A termination point of NG-U interface.

Overview of System

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an overall structure of an NR system towhich a method proposed in the disclosure may be applied.

Referring to FIG. 4, an NG-RAN is configured with an NG-RA user plane(new AS sublayer/PDCP/RLC/MAC/PHY) and gNBs which provide a controlplane (RRC) protocol end for a user equipment (UE).

The gNBs are interconnected through an Xn interface.

The gNBs are also connected to an NGC through an NG interface.

More specifically the gNBs are connected to an access and mobilitymanagement function (AMF) through an N2 interface and to a user planefunction (UPF) through an N3 interface.

NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacings (SCS)) forsupporting various 5G services. For example, if SCS is 15 kHz, NRsupports a wide area in typical cellular bands. If SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz,NR supports a dense urban, lower latency and a wider carrier bandwidth.If SCS is 60 kHz or higher, NR supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25GHz in order to overcome phase noise.

An NR frequency band is defined as a frequency range of two types FR1and FR2. The FR1 and the FR2 may be configured as in Table 1 below.Furthermore, the FR2 may mean a millimeter wave (mmW).

TABLE 1 Frequency Range Corresponding Subcarrier designation frequencyrange Spacing FR1  410 MHz-7125MHz  15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

New Rat (NR) Numerology and Frame Structure

In the NR system, multiple numerologies may be supported. Thenumerologies may be defined by subcarrier spacing and a CP (CyclicPrefix) overhead. Spacing between the plurality of subcarriers may bederived by scaling basic subcarrier spacing into an integer N (or μ). Inaddition, although a very low subcarrier spacing is assumed not to beused at a very high subcarrier frequency, a numerology to be used may beselected independent of a frequency band.

In addition, in the NR system, a variety of frame structures accordingto the multiple numerologies may be supported.

Hereinafter, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)numerology and a frame structure, which may be considered in the NRsystem, will be described.

A plurality of OFDM numerologies supported in the NR system may bedefined as in Table 2.

TABLE 2 μ Δf = 2^(μ) · 15[kHz] Cyclic prefix 0 15 Normal 1 30 Normal 260 Normal, Extended 3 120 Normal 4 240 Normal

Regarding a frame structure in the NR system, a size of various fieldsin the time domain is expressed as a multiple of a time unit ofT_(s)=1/(Δf_(max)·N_(f)). In this case, Δf_(max)=480 0³, and N_(f)=4096.DL and UL transmission is configured as a radio frame having a sectionof T_(f)=(Δf_(max)N_(f)/100)·T_(s)=10 ms. The radio frame is composed often subframes each having a section ofT_(sf)=(Δf_(max)N_(f)/1000)·T_(s)=1 ms. In this case, there may be a setof UL frames and a set of DL frames.

FIG. 5 illustrates the relation between an uplink frame and a downlinkframe in a wireless communication system to which a method proposed inthe disclosure may be applied.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, uplink frame number i for transmission from auser equipment (UE) shall start T_(TA)=N_(TA)T_(s) before the start of acorresponding downlink frame at the corresponding UE.

Regarding the numerology μ, slots are numbered in increasing order ofn_(s) ^(μ)∈{0, . . . , N_(sumframe) ^(slots,μ)−1} within a subframe andare numbered in increasing order of n_(s,f) ^(μ)∈{0, . . . , N_(frame)^(slots,μ)−1} within a radio frame. One slot consists of consecutiveOFDM symbols of N_(symb) ^(μ), and N_(symb) ^(μ) is determined dependingon a numerology used and slot configuration. The start of slots n_(s)^(μ) in a subframe is aligned in time with the start of OFDM symbolsn_(s) ^(μ) N_(symb) ^(μ) the same subframe.

Not all UEs are able to transmit and receive at the same time, and thismeans that not all OFDM symbols in a downlink slot or an uplink slot areavailable to be used.

Table 3 represents the number N_(symb) ^(slot) of OFDM symbols per slot,the number N_(slot) ^(frame,μ) of slots per radio frame, and the numberN_(slot) ^(subframe,μ) of slots per subframe in a normal CP. Table 4represents the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots perradio frame, and the number of slots per subframe in an extended CP.

TABLE 3 μ N_(symb) ^(slot) N_(slot) ^(frameμ) N_(slot) ^(subframeμ) 0 1410 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16

TABLE 4 μ N_(symb) ^(slot) N_(slot) ^(frameμ) N_(slot) ^(subframeμ) 2 1240 4

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a frame structure in an NR system. FIG.6 is merely for convenience of explanation and does not limit the scopeof the disclosure.

In Table 3, in the case of μ=2, i.e., as an example in which asubcarrier spacing (SCS) is 60 kHz, one subframe (or frame) may includefour slots with reference to Table 4, and one subframe={1, 2, 4} slotsshown in FIG. 6, for example, the number of slot(s) that may be includedin one subframe may be defined as in Table 4.

Further, a mini-slot may consist of 2, 4, or 7 symbols, or may consistof more symbols or less symbols.

In relation to physical resources in the NR system, an antenna port, aresource grid, a resource element, a resource block, a carrier part,etc. may be considered.

Hereinafter, the above physical resources that can be considered in theNR system are described in more detail.

First, in relation to an antenna port, the antenna port is defined sothat a channel over which a symbol on an antenna port is conveyed can beinferred from a channel over which another symbol on the same antennaport is conveyed. When large-scale properties of a channel over which asymbol on one antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from a channelover which a symbol on another antenna port is conveyed, the two antennaports may be regarded as being in a quasi co-located or quasico-location (QC/QCL) relation. In this case, the large-scale propertiesmay include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequencyshift, average received power, and received timing.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a resource grid supported in a wirelesscommunication system to which a method proposed in the disclosure may beapplied.

Referring to FIG. 7, a resource grid consists of N_(RB) ^(μ) N_(sc)^(RB) sc subcarriers on a frequency domain, each subframe consisting of14.2μ OFDM symbols, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In the NR system, a transmitted signal is described by one or moreresource grids, consisting of N_(RB) ^(μ) N^(RB) _(sc) subcarriers, and2^(μ) N_(symb) ^((μ)) OFDM symbols, where N_(RB) ^(μ)≤N_(RB) ^(max,μ).N_(RB) ^(max,μ) denotes a maximum transmission bandwidth and may changenot only between numerologies but also between uplink and downlink.

In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 8, one resource grid may beconfigured per numerology μ and antenna port p.

FIG. 8 illustrates examples of a resource grid per antenna port andnumerology to which a method proposed in the disclosure may be applied.

Each element of the resource grid for the numerology μ and the antennaport p is called a resource element and is uniquely identified by anindex pair (k,l), where k=0, . . . , N_(RB) ^(μ) N^(RB) _(sc)−1 an indexon a frequency domain, and l=0, . . . ,2^(μ) N_(symb) ^((μ))−1 refers toa location of a symbol in a subframe. The index pair (k,l) is used torefer to a resource element in a slot, where l=0, . . . , N_(symb)^(μ)−1.

The resource element (k,l) for the numerology μ and the antenna port pcorresponds to a complex value a_(k,l) ^((p,μ)). When there is no riskfor confusion or when a specific antenna port or numerology is notspecified, the indexes p and μ may be dropped, and as a result, thecomplex value may be a_(k,l) ^((p)) or a_(k,l) .

Further, a physical resource block is defined as N_(sc) ^(RB)=12 Scconsecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.

Point A serves as a common reference point of a resource block grid andmay be obtained as follows.

-   -   offsetToPointA for PCell downlink represents a frequency offset        between the point A and a lowest subcarrier of a lowest resource        block that overlaps a SS/PBCH block used by the UE for initial        cell selection, and is expressed in units of resource blocks        assuming 15 kHz subcarrier spacing for FR1 and 60 kHz subcarrier        spacing for FR2;    -   absoluteFrequencyPointA represents frequency-location of the        point A expressed as in absolute radio-frequency channel number        (ARFCN).

The common resource blocks are numbered from 0 and upwards in thefrequency domain for subcarrier spacing configuration μ.

The center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 for the subcarrierspacing configuration μ coincides with ‘point A’. A common resourceblock number n_(CRB) ^(μ) in the frequency domain and resource elements(k, 1) for the subcarrier spacing configuration μ may be given by thefollowing Equation 1.

$\begin{matrix}{n_{CRB}^{\mu} = \left\lfloor \frac{k}{N_{sc}^{RB}} \right\rfloor} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 1} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

In this case, k may be defined relative to the point A so that k=0corresponds to a subcarrier centered around the point A. Physicalresource blocks are defined within a bandwidth part (BWP) and arenumbered from 0 to N_(BWPj) ^(size)−1, where i is No. of the BWP. Arelation between the physical resource block n_(PRB) in BWP i and thecommon resource block n_(CRB) may be given by the following Equation 2.

n _(CRB) =n _(PRB) N _(BWP,i) ^(start)  [Equation 2]

In this case, N_(BWP,i) ^(start) may be the common resource block wherethe BWP starts relative to the common resource block 0.

Self-Contained Structure

A time division duplexing (TDD) structure considered in the NR system isa structure in which both uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) are processed inone slot (or subframe). The structure is to minimize a latency of datatransmission in a TDD system and may be referred to as a self-containedstructure or a self-contained slot.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a self-contained structure to which amethod proposed in the disclosure may be applied. FIG. 9 is merely forconvenience of explanation and does not limit the scope of thedisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 9, as in legacy LTE, it is assumed that onetransmission unit (e.g., slot, subframe) consists of 14 orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

In FIG. 9, a region 902 means a downlink control region, and a region904 means an uplink control region. Further, regions (i.e., regionswithout separate indication) other than the region 902 and the region904 may be used for transmission of downlink data or uplink data.

That is, uplink control information and downlink control information maybe transmitted in one self-contained slot. On the other hand, in thecase of data, uplink data or downlink data is transmitted in oneself-contained slot.

When the structure illustrated in FIG. 9 is used, in one self-containedslot, downlink transmission and uplink transmission may sequentiallyproceed, and downlink data transmission and uplink ACK/NACK receptionmay be performed.

As a result, if an error occurs in the data transmission, time requireduntil retransmission of data can be reduced. Hence, the latency relatedto data transfer can be minimized.

In the self-contained slot structure illustrated in FIG. 9, a basestation (e.g., eNodeB, eNB, gNB) and/or a user equipment (UE) (e.g.,terminal) require a time gap for a process for converting a transmissionmode into a reception mode or a process for converting a reception modeinto a transmission mode. In relation to the time gap, if uplinktransmission is performed after downlink transmission in theself-contained slot, some OFDM symbol(s) may be configured as a guardperiod (GP).

Channel State Information (CSI) Related Procedure

In a new radio (NR) system, a channel state information-reference signal(CSI-RS) is used for time/frequency tracking, CSI computation, layer 1(L1)-reference signal received power (RSRP) computation, and mobility.

“A and/or B” used in the present disclosure may be interpreted as thesame meaning as that “A and/or B” includes at least one of A or B.”

The CSI computation is related to CSI acquisition, and the L1-RSRPcomputation is related to beam management (BM).

Channel state information (CSI generally refers to information which mayindicate the quality of a radio channel (or also called a link) formedbetween a UE and an antenna port.

An operation of a UE for a CSI-related procedure is described.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a CSI-relatedprocedure.

In order to perform one of uses of a CSI-RS described above, a terminal(e.g., user equipment (UE)) receives, from a base station (e.g., generalNode B or gNB), configuration information related to CSI through radioresource control (RRC) signaling (S110).

The configuration information related to the CSI may include at leastone of CSI-interference management (IM) resource-related information,CSI measurement configuration-related information, CSI resourceconfiguration-related information, CSI-RS resource-related information,or CSI report configuration-related information.

The CSI-IM resource-related information may include CSI-IM resourceinformation, CSI-IM resource set information, etc.

A CSI-IM resource set is identified by a CSI-IM resource set identifier(ID). One resource set includes at least one CSI-IM resource.

Each CSI-IM resource is identified by a CSI-IM resource ID.

The CSI resource configuration-related information defines a groupincluding at least one of a non zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resource set, aCSI-IM resource set, or a CSI-SSB resource set.

That is, the CSI resource configuration-related information includes aCSI-RS resource set list. The CSI-RS resource set list may include atleast one of an NZP CSI-RS resource set list, a CSI-IM resource setlist, or a CSI-SSB resource set list.

The CSI resource configuration-related information may be represented asa CSI-ResourceConfig IE.

The CSI-RS resource set is identified by a CSI-RS resource set ID. Oneresource set includes at least one CSI-RS resource.

Each CSI-RS resource is identified by a CSI-RS resource ID.

As in Table 5, parameters (e.g., a BM-related “repetition” parameter anda tracking-related “trs-Info” parameter) indicating the use of a CSI-RSfor each NZP CSI-RS resource set may be configured.

Table 5 illustrates an example of the NZP CSI-RS resource set IE.

TABLE 5 -- ASN1START -- TAG-NZP-CSI-RS-RESOURCESET-STARTNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet ::=  SEQUENCE {  nzp-CSI-ResourceSetId NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId,  nzp-CSI-RS-Resources  SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..maxNrofNZP- CSI-RS-ResourcesPerSet)) OF NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId, repetition  ENUMERATED { on, off }  aperiodicTriggeringOffset INTEGER(0..4)  trs-Info ENUMERATED {true}  ... } --TAG-NZP-CSI-RS-RESOURCESET-STOP -- ASN1 STOP

In Table 5, the repetition parameter is a parameter indicating whetherthe same beam is repeatedly transmitted, and indicates whether arepetition is “ON” or “OFF” for each NZP CSI-RS resource set. Atransmit/transmission (Tx) beam used in the present disclosure may beinterpreted as the same meaning as a spatial domain transmission filter.A receive/reception (Rx) beam used in the present disclosure may beinterpreted as the same meaning as a spatial domain reception filter.

For example, if the repetition parameter in Table 5 is configured as“OFF”, a UE does not assume that an NZP CSI-RS resource(s) within aresource set is transmitted as the same Nrofports as the same DL spatialdomain transmission filter in all symbols.

Furthermore, the repetition parameter corresponding to a higher layerparameter corresponds to “CSI-RS-ResourceRep” of an L1 parameter.

The CSI report configuration-related information includes a reportconfiguration type (reportConfigType) parameter indicating a time domainbehavior and a report quantity (reportQuantity) parameter indicatingCSI-related quantity for reporting.

The time domain behavior may be periodic, aperiodic or semi-persistent.

Furthermore, the CSI report configuration-related information may berepresented as a CSI-ReportConfig IE. Table 6 below illustrates anexample of a CSI-ReportConfig IE.

TABLE 6 -- ASN1START -- TAG-CSI-RESOURCECONFIG-START CSI-ReportConfig::= SEQUENCE {  reportConfigId  CSI-ReportConfigId,  carrier ServCellIndex       OPTIONAL, -  resourcesForChannelMeasurement  CSI-ResourceConfigId,  csi-IM-ResourcesForInterference  CSI-ResourceConfigId  OPTIONAL, -  nzp-CSI-RS-ResourcesForInterference  CSI-ResourceConfigId  OPTIONAL, -  reportConfigType  CHOICE {  periodic   SEQUENCE {    reportSlotConfig   CSI-ReportPeriodicityAndOffset,    pucch-CSI-ResourceList    SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofBWPs)) OF PUCCH-CSI-Resource   },  semiPersistentOnPUCCH    SEQUENCE {    reportSlotConfig   CSI-ReportPeriodicityAndOffset,    pucch-CSI-ResourceList    SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofBWPs)) OF PUCCH-CSI-Resource   },  semiPersistentOnPUSCH    SEQUENCE {    reportSlotConfig    ENUMERATED{sl5, sl10, sl20, sl40, sl80, sl160, sl320},    reportSlotOffsetList  SEQUENCE (SIZE (1.. maxNrofUL- Allocations)) OF INTEGER(0..32),   p0alpha    P0-PUSCH-AlphaSetId   },   aperiodic   SEQUENCE {   reportSlotOffsetList   SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofUL- Allocations)) OFINTEGER(0..32)   }  },  reportQuantity  CHOICE {   none   NULL,  cri-RI-PMI-CQI    NULL,   cri-RI-i1   NULL,   cri-RI-i1-CQI   SEQUENCE{    pdsch-B undleSizeForCSI     ENUMERATED {n2, n4}  OPTIONAL   },  cri-RI-CQI   NULL,   cri-RSRP   NULL,   ssb-Index-RSRP    NULL,  cri-RI-LI-PMI-CQI   NULL  },

Furthermore, the UE measures CSI based on the configuration informationrelated to CSI (S120). The CSI measurement may include (1) a CSI-RSreception process S121 of the UE and (2) a process S122 of computing CSIthrough a received CSI-RS.

A sequence for a CSI-RS is generated by Equation 3 below. Aninitialization value of a pseudo-random sequence C(i) is defined byEquation 4.

$\begin{matrix}{\mspace{79mu}{{r(m)} = {{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left( {1 - {2 \cdot {c\left( {2m} \right)}}} \right)} + {j\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left( {1 - {2 \cdot {c\left( {{2m} + 1} \right)}}} \right)}}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 3} \right\rbrack \\{c_{init} = {\left( {{2^{10}\left( {{N_{symb}^{slot}n_{s,f}^{\mu}} + 1 + 1} \right)\left( {{2n_{ID}} + 1} \right)} + n_{ID}} \right)\mspace{11mu}{mod}\ 2^{31}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 4} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

In Equations 3 and 4, n_(s,f) ^(μ) indicates a slot number within aradio frame, and a pseudo-random sequence generator is initialized asCint at the start of each OFDM symbol, that is, n_(s,f) ^(μ).

Furthermore, 1 is an OFDM symbol number within a slot. n_(ID) isidentical with a higher-layer parameter scramblingID.

Furthermore, in the CSI-RS, resource element (RE) mapping of a CSI-RSresource is configured in time and frequency domains by a higher layerparameter CSI-RS-ResourceMapping.

Table 7 illustrates an example of a CSI-RS-ResourceMapping IE.

TABLE 7 -- ASN1START -- TAG-CSI-RS-RESOURCEMAPPING-STARTCSI-RS-ResourceMapping ::= SEQUENCE {  frequencyDomainAllocation  CHOICE{   row1  BIT STRING (SIZE (4)),   row2  BIT STRING (SIZE (12)),   row4 BIT STRING (SIZE (3)),   other  BIT STRING (SIZE (6))  },  nrofPortsENUMERATED {p1,p2,p4,p8,p12,p16,p24,p32},  firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain  INTEGER (0..13),  firstOFDMSymbolInTimeDomain2  INTEGER (2..12) cdm-Type ENUMERATED {noCDM, fd-CDM2, cdm4-FD2- TD2, cdm8-FD2-TD4}, density CHOICE {   dot5  ENUMERATED {evenPRBs, oddPRBs},   one  NULL,  three  NULL,   spare  NULL  },  freqBand CSI-FrequencyOccupation,  ...}

In Table 7, density D indicates the density of CSI-RS resources measuredin an RE/port/physical resource block (PRB). nrofPorts indicates thenumber of antenna ports. Furthermore, the UE reports the measured CSI tothe base station (S130).

In this case, if the quantity of CSI-ReportConfig is configured as “none(or No report)” in Table 7, the UE may omit the report.

However, although the quantity is configured as “none (or No report)”,the UE may report the measured CSI to the base station.

A case where the quantity is configured as “none” is a case where anaperiodic TRS is triggered or a case where a repetition is configured.

In this case, the reporting of the UE may be defined to be omitted onlywhen the repetition is configured as “ON.”

In summary, if the repetition is configured as “ON” and “OFF”, CSIreporting may include all of “No report”, “SSB resource indicator(SSBRI) and L1-RSRP”, and “CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) and L1-RSRP.”

Alternatively, if the repetition is “OFF”, the CSI reporting of “SSBRIand L1-RSRP” or “CRI and L1-RSRP” may be defined to be transmitted. Ifthe repetition is “ON”, the CSI reporting of “No report”, “SSBRI andL1-RSRP”, or “CRI and L1-RSRP” may be defined to be transmitted.

Beam Management (BM) Procedure

A beam management (BM) procedure defined in new radio (NR) is described.

The BM procedure corresponds to layer 1 (L1)/L2 (layer 2) procedures forobtaining and maintaining a set of base station (e.g., gNB or TRP)and/or a terminal (e.g., UE) beams which may be used for downlink (DL)and uplink (UL) transmission/reception, and may include the followingprocedure and terms.

-   -   Beam measurement: an operation of measuring characteristics of a        beamforming signal received by a base station or a UE.    -   Beam determination: an operation of selecting, by a base station        or a UE, its own transmission (Tx) beam/reception (Rx) beam.    -   Beam sweeping: an operation of covering a space region by using        a transmission beam and/or a reception beam for a given time        interval in a predetermined manner    -   Beam report: an operation of reporting, by a UE, information of        a beamformed signal based on beam measurement.

FIG. 11 is a concept view illustrating an example of a beam-relatedmeasurement model.

For beam measurement, an SS block (or SS/PBCH block (SSB)) or a channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS) is used in the downlink. Asounding reference signal (SRS) is used in the uplink.

In RRC_CONNECTED, a UE measures multiple beams (or at least one beam) ofa cell. The UE may average measurement results (RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, etc.)in order to derive cell quality.

Accordingly, the UE may be configured to consider a sub-set of adetected beam(s).

Beam measurement-related filtering occurs in different two levels (in aphysical layer that derives beam quality and an RRC level in which cellquality is derived from multiple beams).

Cell quality from beam measurement is derived in the same manner withrespect to a serving cell(s) and a non-serving cell)(s).

If a UE is configured by a gNB to report measurement results for aspecific beam(s), a measurement report includes measurement results forX best beams. The beam measurement results may be reported asL1-reference signal received power (RSRP).

In FIG. 11, K beams (gNB beam 1, gNB beam 2, . . . , gNB beam k) 210 areconfigured for L3 mobility by a gNB, and correspond to the measurementof a synchronization signal (SS) block (SSB) or CSI-RS resource detectedby a UE in the L1.

In FIG. 11, layer 1 filtering 220 means internal layer 1 filtering of aninput measured at a point A.

Furthermore, in beam consolidation/selection 230, beam-specificmeasurements are integrated (or merged) in order to derive cell quality.

Layer 3 filtering 240 for cell quality means filtering performed onmeasurement provided at a point B.

A UE evaluates a reporting criterion whenever new measurement resultsare reported at least at points C and C1.

D corresponds to measurement report information (message) transmitted ata radio interface.

In L3 beam filtering 250, filtering is performed on measurement(beam-specific measurement) provided at a point A1.

In beam selection 260 for a beam report, X measurement values areselected in measurement provided at a point E.

F indicates beam measurement information included in a measurementreport (transmission) in a radio interface.

Furthermore, the BM procedure may be divided into (1) a DL BM procedureusing a synchronization signal (SS)/physical broadcast channel (PBCH)Block or CSI-RS and (2) an UL BM procedure using a sounding referencesignal (SRS).

Furthermore, each of the BM procedures may include Tx beam sweeping fordetermining a Tx beam and Rx beam sweeping for determining an Rx beam.

DL BM Procedure

First, the DL BM procedure is described.

The DL BM procedure may include (1) the transmission of beamformed DLreference signals (RSs) (e.g., CSI-RS or SS block (SSB)) of a basestation and (2) beam reporting of a UE.

In this case, the beam reporting may include a preferred DL RSidentifier (ID)(s) and L1-reference signal received power (RSRP)corresponding thereto.

The DL RS ID may be an SSB resource indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RSresource indicator (CRI).

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of a DL BM procedure-related Tx beam.

As illustrated in FIG. 12, an SSB beam and a CSI-RS beam may be used forbeam measurement.

In this case, a measurement metric is L1-RSRP for each resource/block.

An SSB may be used for coarse beam measurement, and a CSI-RS may be usedfor fine beam measurement.

Furthermore, the SSB may be used for both Tx beam sweeping and Rx beamsweeping.

A UE may perform the Rx beam sweeping using an SSB while changing an Rxbeam with respect to the same SSBRI across multiple SSB bursts.

In this case, one SS burst includes one or more SSBs, and one SS burstset includes one or more SSB bursts.

DL BM Procedure Using SSB

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a DL BM procedureusing an SSB.

A configuration for a beam report using an SSB is performed uponCSI/beam configuration in an RRC connected state (or RRC connectedmode).

As in a CSI-ResourceConfig IE of Table 8, a BM configuration using anSSB is not separately defined, and an SSB is configured like a CSI-RSresource.

Table 8 illustrates an example of the CSI-ResourceConfig IE.

TABLE 8 -- ASN1START -- TAG-CSI-RESOURCECONFIG-START CSI-ResourceConfig::= SEQUENCE {  csi-ResourceConfigId CSI-ResourceConfigId, csi-RS-ResourceSetList  CHOICE {   nzp-CSI-RS-SSB   SEQUENCE {   nzp-CSI-RS-ResourceSetList    SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetsPerConfig)) OF NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetId OPTIONAL,   csi-SSB-ResourceSetList    SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofCSI-SSB-ResourceSetsPerConfig)) OF CSI-SSB-ResourceSetId OPTIONAL   },  csi-IM-ResourceSetList  SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxNrofCSI-IM-ResourceSetsPerConfig)) OF CSI-IM-ResourceSetId  },  bwp-Id BWP-Id, resourceType ENUMERATED { aperiodic, semiPersistent, periodic },  ... }-- TAG-CSI-RESOURCECONFIGTOADDMOD-STOP -- ASN1STOP

In Table 8, the csi-SSB-ResourceSetList parameter indicates a list ofSSB resources used for beam management and reporting in one resourceset. A UE receives, from a base station, a CSI-ResourceConfig IEincluding CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList including SSB resources used for BM(S410).

In this case, the SSB resource set may be configured with {SSBx1, SSBx2,SSBx3, SSBx4, . . . }.

An SSB index may be defined from 0 to 63.

Furthermore, the UE receives an SSB resource from the base station basedon the CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList (S420).

Furthermore, if CSI-RS reportConfig related to a report for an SSBRI andL1-RSRP has been configured, the UE (beam) reports, to the base station,the best SSBRI and L1-RSRP corresponding thereto (S430).

That is, if reportQuantity of the CSI-RS reportConfig IE is configuredas “ssb-Index-RSRP”, the UE reports the best SSBRI and the L1-RSRPcorresponding thereto to the base station.

Furthermore, if a CSI-RS resource is configured in an OFDM symbol(s)identical with an SS/PBCH block (SSB) and “QCL-TypeD” is applicable, theUE may assume that a CSI-RS and an SSB are quasi co-located from a“QCL-TypeD” viewpoint.

In this case, the QCL TypeD may mean that antenna ports have been QCLedfrom a spatial Rx parameter viewpoint. When the UE receives a pluralityof DL antenna ports having a QCL Type D relation, the same Rx beam maybe applied.

Furthermore, the UE does not expect that a CSI-RS will be configured inan RE that overlaps an RE of an SSB.

DL BM Procedure Using CSI-RS

If a UE is configured with NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet having a (higher layerparameter) repetition configured as “ON”, the UE may assume that atleast one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet istransmitted as the same downlink spatial domain transmission filter.

That is, at least one CSI-RS resource within the NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetis transmitted through the same Tx beam.

In this case, the at least one CSI-RS resource within theNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet may be transmitted in different OFDM symbols ormay be transmitted in different frequency domains (i.e., through FDM).

A case where the at least one CSI-RS resource is FDMed is a case where aUE is a multi-panel UE.

Furthermore, a case where a repetition is configured as “ON” is relatedto an Rx beam sweeping procedure of a UE.

The UE does not expect that different periodicities will be received inperiodicityAndOffset in all CSI-RS resources withinNZP-CSI-RS-Resourceset.

Furthermore, if the repetition is configured as “OFF”, the UE does notassume that at least one CSI-RS resource within NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetis transmitted as the same downlink spatial domain transmission filter.

That is, the at least one CSI-RS resource within NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSetis transmitted through different Tx beams.

A case where the repetition is configured as “OFF” is related to a Txbeam sweeping procedure of a base station.

Furthermore, the repetition parameter may be configured only withrespect to CSI-RS resource sets associated with CSI-ReportConfig havingthe reporting of L1 RSRP or “No Report (or None).”

If a UE is configured with CSI-ReportConfig having reportQuantityconfigured as “cri-RSRP” or “none” and CSI-ResourceConfig (higher layerparameter resourcesForChannelMeasurement) for channel measurement doesnot include a higher layer parameter “trs-Info” and includesNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet configured (repetition=ON) as a higher layerparameter “repetition”, the UE may be configured with only the samenumber of ports (1-port or 2-port) having a higher layer parameter“nrofPorts” with respect to all CSI-RS resources within theNZP-CSI-RS-ResourceSet.

More specifically, CSI-RS uses are described. If a repetition parameteris configured in a specific CSI-RS resource set and TRS_info is notconfigured, a CSI-RS is used for beam management.

Furthermore, if a repetition parameter is not configured and TRS_info isconfigured, a CSI-RS is used for a tracking reference signal (TRS).

Furthermore, if a repetition parameter is not configured and TRS_info isnot configured, a CSI-RS is used for CSI acquisition.

FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a DL BM procedure using a CSI-RS.

FIG. 14(a) illustrates an Rx beam determination (or refinement)procedure of a UE. FIG. 14(b) indicates a Tx beam determinationprocedure of a base station.

Furthermore, FIG. 14(a) corresponds to a case where the repetitionparameter is configured as “ON”, and FIG. 14(b) corresponds to a casewhere the repetition parameter is configured as “OFF.”

An Rx beam determination process of a UE is described with reference toFIGS. 14(a) and 15.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a received beamdetermination process of a UE.

The UE receives, from a base station, an NZP CSI-RS resource set IEincluding a higher layer parameter repetition through RRC signaling(S610).

In this case, the repetition parameter is configured as “ON.”

Furthermore, the UE repeatedly receives a resource(s) within a CSI-RSresource set configured as a repetition “ON” in different OFDM symbolsthrough the same Tx beam (or DL spatial domain transmission filter) ofthe base station (S620).

Accordingly, the UE determines its own Rx beam (S630).

In this case, the UE omits a CSI report or transmits, to the basestation, a CSI report including a CRI/L1-RSRP (S640).

In this case, reportQuantity of the CSI report config may be configuredas “No report (or None)” or “CRI+L1-RSRP.”

That is, if a repetition “ON” is configured, the UE may omit a CSIreport. Alternatively, the UE may report ID information (CRI) for a beampair-related preference beam and a corresponding quality value(L1-RSRP).

A Tx beam determination process of a base station is described withreference to FIGS. 14(b) and 16.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method ofdetermining, by a base station, a transmission beam.

A UE receives, from a base station, an NZP CSI-RS resource set IEincluding a higher layer parameter repetition through RRC signaling(S710).

In this case, the repetition parameter is configured as “OFF”, and isrelated to a Tx beam sweeping procedure of the base station.

Furthermore, the UE receives resources within the CSI-RS resource setconfigured as the repetition “OFF” through different Tx beams (DLspatial domain transmission filters) of the base station (S720).

Furthermore, the UE selects (or determines) the best beam (S740), andreports an ID for the selected beam and related quality information(e.g., L1-RSRP) to the base station (S740).

In this case, reportQuantity of the CSI report config may be configuredas “CRI+L1-RSRP.”

That is, the UE reports a CRI and corresponding L1-RSRP to the basestation if a CSI-RS is transmitted for BM.

FIG. 17 illustrates an example of resource allocation in time andfrequency domains related to the operation of FIG. 14.

That is, it may be seen that if the repetition “ON” has been configuredin a CSI-RS resource set, a plurality of CSI-RS resources is repeatedlyused by applying the same Tx beam, and if a repetition “OFF” has beenconfigured in the CSI-RS resource set, different CSI-RS resources aretransmitted through different Tx beams.

DL BM-Related Beam Indication

A UE may be RRC-configured with a list of a maximum of M candidatetransmission configuration indication (TCI) states for an object of atleast quasi co-location (QCL) indication. In this case, M may be 64.

Each of the TCI states may be configured as one RS set.

Each ID of a DL RS for at least a spatial QCL purpose (QCL Type D)within the RS set may refer to one of DL RS types, such as an SSB, aP-CSI RS, an SP-CSI RS, and an A-CSI RS.

The initialization/update of an ID of a DL RS(s) within the RS set usedfor the at least spatial QCL purpose may be performed through at leastexplicit signaling.

Table 9 illustrates an example of a TCI-State IE.

The TCI-State IE associates one or two DL reference signals (RS) with acorresponding quasi co-location (QCL) type.

TABLE 9 -- ASN1START -- TAG-TCI-STATE-START TCI-State ::= SEQUENCE { tci-StateId  TCI-StateId,  qcl-Type1  QCL-Info,  qcl-Type2  QCL-Info ... } QCL-Info ::= SEQUENCE {  cell ServCellIndex  bwp-Id  BWP-Id referenceSignal  CHOICE {   csi-rs   NZP-CSI-RS-ResourceId,   ssb  SSB-Index  },  qcl-Type  ENUMERATED {typeA, typeB, typeC, typeD},  ...} -- TAG-TCI-STATE-STOP -- ASN1STOP

In Table 9, the bwp-Id parameter indicates a DL BWP where an RS islocated. The cell parameter indicates a carrier where an RS is located.The reference signal parameter indicates a reference antenna port(s)that becomes the source of a quasi co-location for a correspondingtarget antenna port(s) or a reference signal including the referenceantenna port(s). A target antenna port(s) may be a CSI-RS, a PDCCH DMRS,or a PDSCH DMRS. For example, in order to indicate QCL reference RSinformation for an NZP CSI-RS, a corresponding TCI state ID may beindicated in NZP CSI-RS resource configuration information. Furthermore,for example, in order to indicate QCL reference information for a PDCCHDMRS antenna port(s), a TCI state ID may be indicated in a CORESETconfiguration. Furthermore, for example, in order to indicate QCLreference information for a PDSCH DMRS antenna port(s), a TCI state IDmay be indicated through DCI.

Quasi-Co Location (QCL)

An antenna port is defined so that a channel on which a symbol on anantenna port is carried is inferred from a channel on which anothersymbol on the same antenna port is carried. If the properties of achannel on which a symbol on one antenna port is carried can be derivedfrom a channel on which a symbol on another antenna port is carried, thetwo antenna ports may be said to have a quasi co-located or quasico-location (QC/QCL) relation.

In this case, the properties of the channel includes one or more ofdelay spread, Doppler spread, a frequency shift, average received power,received timing, and a spatial RX parameter. In this case, the spatialRx parameter means a spatial (reception) channel property parameter,such as an angle of arrival.

In order to decode a PDSCH according to a detected PDCCH having intendedDCI with respect to a corresponding UE and a given serving cell, a UEmay be configured with a list of up to M TCI-State configurations withinhigher layer parameter PDSCH-Config. The M depends on a UE capability.

Each of the TCI-States includes a parameter for configuring a quasico-location relation between one or two DL reference signals and theDM-RS port of a PDSCH.

The quasi co-location relation is configured as a higher layer parameterqcl-Type1 for a first DL RS and a higher layer parameter qcl-Type2 (ifconfigured) for a second DL RS.

In the case of the two DL RSs, QCL types are not the same regardless ofwhether reference is the same DL RS or different DL RSs.

A quasi co-location type corresponding to each DL RS is given by ahigher layer parameter qcl-Type of QCL-Info, and may take one of thefollowing values:

-   -   ‘QCL-TypeA’: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay,        delay spread}    -   ‘QCL-TypeB’: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}    -   ‘QCL-TypeC’: {Doppler shift, average delay}    -   ‘QCL-TypeD’: {Spatial Rx parameter}

For example, if a target antenna port is a specific NZP CSI-RS, it maybe indicated/configured that corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna ports havebeen QCLed with a specific TRS from a QCL-Type A viewpoint and with aspecific SSB from a QCL-Type D viewpoint. A UE configured with such anindication/configuration may receive a corresponding NZP CSI-RS by usingDoppler, delay value measured in a QCL-TypeA TRS, and may apply, to thereception of the corresponding NZP CSI-RS, an Rx beam used for thereception of a QCL-TypeD SSB.

The UE receives an activation command used to map up to eight TCI statesto the codepoint of a DCI field “Transmission Configuration Indication.”

A coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP) scheme has been introducedin the LTE system and partially introduced in NR Rel-15. The CoMP schemeincludes various schemes, such as a same layer joint transmission schemeof transmitting the same signal or information from a plurality oftransmission and reception points (TRPs), a point selection scheme oftransmitting information of a certain moment a certain moment from aspecific TRP in consideration of radio channel quality or traffic loadoccasions while a plurality of TRPs share information to be transmittedto a user equipment (UE), and/or an independent layer joint transmissionscheme of spatial dimension multiplexing (SDM) and transmittingdifferent signals or information from a plurality of TRPs to differentspatial layers.

As a representative example of the point selection scheme, there is adynamic point selection (DPS) scheme in which the TRP participating inthe transmission is changeable each time physical downlink sharedchannel (PDSCH) is transmitted, and a term defined to inform that thePDSCH has been transmitted from which TRP is quasi-co-location (QCL).The QCL is that the base station indicates and/or configures, to the UE,whether the UE may assume that different antenna ports are same from aperspective of specific channel property (e.g., Doppler shift, Dopplerspread, average delay, delay spread, and/or spatial RX parameter). Forexample, it is informed that when PDSCH is transmitted from TRP #1, aspecific reference signal (RS) (e.g., CSI-RS resource #1), that has beentransmitted from the TRP #1, and corresponding PDSCH demodulationreference signal (DMRS) antenna ports are QCLed, and it is informed thatwhen PDSCH is transmitted from TRP #2, a specific RS (e.g., CSI-RSresource #2), that has been transmitted from the TRP #2, andcorresponding PDSCH DMRS antenna ports are QCLed.

In order to indicate instantaneous QCL information via downlink controlinformation (DCI), a PDSCH quasi-colocation information (PQI) field hasbeen defined in LTE, and a transmission configuration information (TCI)field has been defined in NR.

The QCL indication and/or configuration method defined in the standardcan be universally used in a joint transmission between a plurality ofpanels (antenna groups) of the same TRP, a joint transmission between aplurality of beams of the same TRP, etc. as well as a joint transmissionbetween a plurality of TRPs. This is because, if the transmission panelsor beams are different from each other even though the transmission isperformed from the same TRP, Doppler, delay property, and/or receptionbeam (spatial Rx parameter), through which the signal transmitted fromeach panel and/or each beam goes, may be different.

In the next-generation wireless communication system, a scheme, in whicha plurality of TRPs, panels, and/or beams transmit different layergroups to the UE, i.e., a scheme of standardization called anindependent layer joint transmission (ILJT) scheme or a non-coherentjoint transmission (NCJT) scheme has been discussed.

The contents (3GPP system, frame structure, NR system, etc.) describedabove may be combined and applied to methods proposed in the presentdisclosure to be described later, or may be supplemented to clarifytechnical features of the methods proposed in the present disclosure.

In the present disclosure, ‘/’ refers to ‘and’, ‘or’, or ‘and/or’according to the context.

When applying the ILJT (or NCJT) scheme, there are roughly twoapproaches. One approach is a multi-PDCCH based approach in which aplurality of TRPs, panels, and/or beams each transmit physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH) and jointly transmit data to the UE, and theother approach is a single PDCCH based approach in which only one TRP,panel, and/or beam transmits the PDCCH, but a plurality of TRPs, panels,and/or beams participate in physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)transmission and jointly transmit data to the UE.

When the present disclosure performs the ILJT scheme by applying themulti-PDCCH based approach, particularly, when (analog) beamforming isapplied to the base station and/or UE (at a high frequency band), thepresent disclosure proposes methods of efficiently performing themulti-PDCCH based ILJT.

The UE may assume to apply the (analog) beamforming to downlinkreception. In other words, the UE may receive a downlink signal using aspecific beam of a plurality of candidate beams. Information that helpsthe UE to determine a PDSCH reception beam is information of RS (i.e.,QCL source for Type D or spatial QCL information) that is QCLed from aperspective of the above-described spatial Rx parameter. If a pluralityof PDSCH layer groups are transmitted to the UE and the respective PDSCHlayer groups are transmitted from different TRPs, panels, and/or beams,optimal UE reception beams and/or panels to receive respective PDSCHlayer groups may be different. There is a problem that this operationmay be an operation that it is impossible for the specific UE toimplement.

Because the NR system supports a method of dynamically indicating(spatial) QCL source of PDSCH via DCI of PDCCH (via settingtci-PresentInDCI=ON) and a method of following as it is a spatial Rxparameter of PDCCH scheduling the corresponding PDSCH (via settingtci-PresentInDCI=OFF), there is a need to define an ILJT operationaccording to each mode.

In addition, the UE requires time to change the beam according tospatial Rx parameter information of PDSCH indicated by the correspondingDCI after DCI decoding (this threshold is referred to asThreshold-Sched-Offset value). In order for the NR system to furthergive a faster scheduling support and a freedom of base station schedulerimplementation, a method of scheduling the PDSCH at an earlier timepoint than the corresponding time threshold is also allowed.

When the PDSCH is allocated at an earlier time point than the thresholdas described above, the UE uses a specified default (spatial) QCLparameter. In other words, the UE buffers the corresponding slot andthen decodes DCI using the specified default (spatial) QCL parameter,and if a time domain location of the indicated PDSCH is earlier than thethreshold, the UE receives the corresponding PDSCH through the signalthat has been buffered. Default QCL information to be buffered by the UEis specified as ‘CORESET associated with a monitored search space withthe lowest CORESET-ID in the latest slot in which one or more CORESETswithin the active BWP of the serving cell are monitored by the UE’ inthe current NR standard (hereinafter, may be referred to as default QCLinformation on the current NR standard). In other words, the default QCLinformation is specified as ‘QCL reference signal (RS) information withrespect to (specific) QCL parameter(s) of CORESET associated with amonitored search space with the lowest CORESET-ID in the latest slot inwhich one or more CORESETs within the active BWP of the serving cell aremonitored by the UE’. For example, the (default) QCL information maycontain a QCL source and a QCL type.

Hereinafter, although not strictly, the default QCL source defined inRel-15 is described as ‘transmission configuration indication (TCI)state of the lowest CORESET-ID’ for convenience.

The multi-PDCCH based ILJT operation has a question of how to define thedefault QCL, and the present disclosure proposes various solutions tothis question.

First, the UE may assume not to receive a signal with different Type DQCL sources (e.g., spatial QCL information) at the same time. This isthe same assumption as when Rel-15 NR is designed. Hereinafter, in thepresent disclosure, the UE with the property may be expressed as ‘havinga basic UE capability’.

Implementationally, the corresponding UE may be a UE that can apply onlyone reception beam at a time (e.g., UE with a single Rx panel). If amulti-PDCCH based ILJT operation is applied to the corresponding UE,each PDCCH may have a feature transmitted and/or received from anon-overlapped symbol set between PDCCHs (e.g., via two TDMed CORESETs).In other words, the basic UE does expect to detect or receive two ormore PDCCHs (with different (Type D) QCL sources) in a specific PDCCHsymbol.

And/or, according to the UE implementation, there may be a UE that cansimultaneously receive signals from two or more beams at one time point.In other words, the UE can receive signals with different Type D QCLsources at the same time. Hereinafter, in the present disclosure, the UEwith the property may be expressed as ‘having an enhanced UEcapability’.

Implementationally, a UE equipped with a plurality of Rx panels may beassumed as an example of the UE with the property. The UE with theenhanced UE capability may be characterized in that a plurality ofPDCCHs with different Type D QCL sources can be transmitted and/orreceived on the same symbol.

If the UE capability is subdivided, a capability of a UE capable ofsimultaneously receiving up to N PDCCHs (with different Type D QCLsources) may be defined.

The capability (e.g., whether the UE has the basic UE capability or theenhanced UE capability) is information that the UE reports to the basestation and/or the network (upon the network/cell access), and the basestation may control whether to overlap PDCCHs (with different Type D QCLsources) and/or the number of overlapped PDCCHs (with different Type DQCL sources) to the corresponding UE according to the above information.

The basic UE capability UE has a limitation that it shall receive allthe PDSCH layers from the same beam. On the other hands, the enhanced UEcapability UE can receive the PDSCH layers by applying each layer groupto a different reception beam, and thus can apply relatively freely theILJT. Thus, for the UE operating in the plurality of candidate (analog)beams, the ILJT operation may be applied only to the enhanced UEcapability UE, and the basic UE capability UE may consider a method oflimiting the application of the ILJT operation (e.g., the basic UEcapability UE does not assume and/or expect different QCL sources fordifferent layers of the same PDSCH).

In other words, in case of the basic UE capability UE (e.g., in case ofnot supporting two default TCIs/QCL assumptions), the base station maynot expect, to the corresponding UE, PDCCH related configuration for themulti-PDCCH based ILJT (e.g., a plurality of CORESETs configured to thesame bandwidth part (BWP) are configured to belong to a plurality ofdifferent CORESET groups (i.e., TRPs)).

However, only if only the reception beams for all the layer groups canbe matched, the application of ILJT is possible to even the UE with thebasic UE capability.

FIG. 18 illustrates an implementation of applying the ILJT to a basicUE. It may assume that respective PDCCHs and/or PDSCHs are transmittedfrom one TRP by applying different panels and/or beams. In thisinstance, PDSCH #1 and PDSCH #2 are partially or fully overlapped on atleast time axis, and the UE may assume to perform the ILJT operation inoverlapped symbol(s) (e.g., if rank2 transmission is per each PDSCH, 4layers are received in overlapped symbols). It may be assumed that QCLsource RSs transmitted from each panel and/or beam are CSI-RS resource(CRI) #1 and CSI-RS resource (CRI) #2, respectively. Optimal receptionbeams, that allow the UE to receive CRI #1 and CRI #2 may be different,but if CRI #1 and CRI #2 are transmitted in a similar beam direction,there may not be a big difference in performance even when the UEconfigures the (analog) reception beam according to one of CRI #1 andCRI #2. That is, the UE may apply and/or assume one common Type D QCLsource for two PDSCHs.

Even in the case of basic UE, it is okay to assume a different QCLsource for each PDSCH for Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay,and/or delay spread that are the QCL parameter other than the beam(i.e., spatial Rx parameter). That is, the UE may configure onereception beam through the assumption of the common type D QCL source toreceive two PDSCHs. However, the UE may receive two PDSCHs by applying avalue measured at CRI #1 and a value measured at CRI #2 to the delayand/or Doppler parameter in the demodulation of each PDSCH.

In other words, when the UE performs the PDSCH demodulation in a modem(at a digital end) while receiving all the layers from the same (RF oranalog) beam, the UE may divide the layers into layer groups and apply adifferent long term channel parameter to each layer group to receive thedemodulation. This is because if a signal is transmitted from differentpanels even though it is a signal transmitted, for example, from thesame TRP, there may be a difference in the delay property by a linedelay difference between the panels, and there may be a difference inthe measured Doppler property since each panel may have a different RFproperty.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure proposes a method for performing amulti-PDCCH based ILJT operation for the basic UE capability UE(hereinafter, proposal 1), and a method for performing a multi-PDCCHbased ILJT operation for the enhanced UE capability UE (hereinafter,proposal 2).

Embodiments of the present disclosure described below are distinguishedmerely by way of example for convenience of explanation, and it is amatter of course that partial method and/or configuration of anyembodiment can be replaced by or combined and applied to partial methodand/or configuration of another embodiment. For example, the UE mayreport, to the base station, whether the UE has the basic UE capabilityor the enhanced UE capability, and the UE may expect to operate in onemethod (e.g., proposal 1-1-3) of the proposal 1 and the proposal 2described below according to the UE's capability.

For another example, the UE may report, to the base station, that the UEhas the basic UE capability when performing a multi-PDCCH based JUToperation, and the UE may operate in a method of proposal 1-1-1 whensetting tci-PresentInDCI=ON and then operate in a method of proposal1-1-2 when setting tci-PresentInDCI=OFF.

For another example, when the UE simultaneously supports only onereception beam (when the UE does not support two default TCIs/QCLassumptions), the UE may not expect or assume PDSCH scheduling within athreshold. In other words, the UE may operate as in the proposal 1-1-1or the proposal 1-1-2. When the base station receives, from the UE, UEcapability information simultaneously supporting only one receptionbeam, the UE may not schedule the PDSCH within the threshold.

Proposal 1

First, for a basic UE capability UE, a method of performing amulti-PDCCH based JUT operation is described in detail.

The proposal 1 is described below, for the basic UE capability UE, bybeing divided into a method for when each PDCCH schedules a separatePDSCH, and/or time locations of PDSCHs are partially or fully overlapped(proposal 1-1), and a method for when a single PDSCH is jointlyscheduled (proposal 1-2).

As an example of the proposal 1-2, a case where each PDCCH schedules aspecific layer group of the PDSCH may be considered. As another example,a case where two PDCCHs (which are hierarchically designed) may transmitdifferent information. In the later, a resource allocation (RA) fieldmay exist only in DCI transmitted on one of the two PDCCHs.

Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a term of spatially QCL(sQCL) is frequently used, and this may have the same meaning as QCLwith respect to spatial Rx parameter or QCL with respect to Type D QCLparameter.

Methods described below are divided merely by way of example forconvenience of explanation, and it is a matter of course thatconfiguration of any method can be replaced by or combined and appliedto configuration of another method.

(Proposal 1-1)

First, for the basic UE capability UE, a method for when each PDCCHschedules a separate PDSCH, and/or time locations of PDSCHs arepartially or fully overlapped is described.

In the proposal 1-1, frequency locations of the respective PDSCHs may befully overlapped, partially overlapped, or non-overlapped.

The proposal 1-1 is described below by being divided into a case ofsetting tci-PresentInDCI=ON while the PDSCH is scheduled after a fixedtime threshold compared to a PDCCH transmission time point inconsideration of a time required for DCI decoding, a time required for abeam change, etc. (proposal 1-1-1), a case of settingtci-PresentInDCI=OFF while the PDSCH is scheduled after the fixed timethreshold compared to the PDCCH transmission time point (proposal1-1-2), and a case in which even one of all the PDSCHs is scheduledbefore the fixed time threshold (proposal 1-1-3). For example, thethreshold may refer to a time or a minimum time required to applyspatial QCL information.

For example, when the UE simultaneously supports only one reception beam(when the UE does not support two default TCIs/QCL assumptions), the UEmay not expect or assume PDSCH scheduling within the threshold. In otherwords, the UE may operate as in the proposal 1-1-1 or the proposal1-1-2. When the base station receives, from the UE, UE capabilityinformation simultaneously supporting only one reception beam, the basestation may not schedule the PDSCH within the threshold.

The threshold to be applied may be prescribed to (1) commonly apply theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR, or (2) be a scheduling offset value separately configuredand/or prescribed for applying to a multi-PDCCH based ILJT case (e.g.,when a plurality of overlapped PDSCHs is scheduled, or when a pluralityof CORESET groups is configured, or when a plurality of CORESET groupsis configured and PDCCHs (corresponding to specific RNTI and/or specificDCI format/type (e.g., DL grant)) are received from different CORESETgroups (within a predetermined time or at the same time)), or (3) applyby adding or multiplying a specific value (prescribed, or configuredand/or indicated by the base station) to or by theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR in the above case (e.g., 2× Threshold-Sched-Offset).

A reason to apply the way (2) or the way (3) is that when the UEperforms particularly the serial processing, it may take more time forthe UE to receive multi-PDCCH at a similar time point and then completeeach DCI decoding than time it takes for the UE to receive a singlePDCCH and then complete the DCI decoding. Which of the ways (1) to (3)is to be applied may vary depending on the (reported) capability of theUE, and the value or parameter set in the same way (e.g., the added ormultiplied value in the way (3)) may vary depending on the capability ofthe UE.

(Proposal 1-1-1)

The proposal 1-1-1 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is indicated via DCI(i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=ON) while all the PDSCHs arescheduled after the fixed time threshold.

One Type D QCL source information for the plurality of PDSCHs via oneDCI of DCIs transmitted on the plurality of PDCCHs is transmitted to theUE. In this instance, QCL source information for QCL parameter(s) otherthan the spatial Rx parameter for each PDSCH may be transmitted by beingincluded in DCI of the PDCCH transmitting scheduling information foreach PDSCH.

For example, a TCI field may exist in each DCI transmitted on eachPDCCH, and only the QCL source (e.g., Type A QCL source) for theremaining QCL parameters except the spatial Rx parameter may beindicated and/or configured in the remaining TCI(s) except one TCI (theUE does not expect that the Type D QCL source is configure and/orindicated to all the two TCI states).

For another example, a TCI field may exist in each DCI transmitted oneach PDCCH, and all the respective TCIs may include Type D QCL sourceinformation. However, if two or more (different) Type D QCL sourceinformation is indicated to the UE, the UE may ignore Type D QCL sourceinformation indicated in TCIs of the remaining DCIs except one(specific) DCI.

For another example, the TCI exists in only one (specific) DCI amongDCIs transmitted on the respective PDCCHs. That is, the UE does notexpect to receive two or more TCIs to the plurality of DCIs schedulingthe plurality of overlapped PDSCHs.

For another example, a TCI field may exist in each DCI transmitted oneach PDCCH, and when the UE receives the plurality of TCIs, the UEignores TCI information indicated in the TCIs of the remaining DCIsexcept one (specific) DCI.

In the above, the ‘specific’ DCI may be DCI transmitted on the PDCCH inwhich an end (or start) symbol location is later (or earlier), or DCI ofthe PDCCH received in CORESET with a higher (or lower) CORESET (group)ID.

And/or, in the proposal 1-1-1, (when the QCL source for the QCLparameter other than the spatial Rx parameter is different for eachPDSCH,) the Type D QCL source may be limitedly applied only to aspecific RS type (e.g., synchronization signal block (SSB)).

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 18, when there are (narrow beams)CSI-RS #1 and CSI-RS #2 that are sQCLed with (wide beam) SSB #1, PDSCH#1 allocated by PDCCH #1 may indicate CSI-RS #1 as the Type A QCL sourceand SSB #1 as the Type D QCL source, and PDSCH #2 allocated by PDCCH #2may indicate CSI-RS #2 as the Type A QCL source and SSB #1 as the Type DQCL source. That is, a TCI in DCI1 on the PDCCH #1 may be indicated inthe form of (CRI #1, SSB #1), and a TCI in DCI2 on the PDCCH #2 may beindicated in the form of (CRI #2, SSB #1) (TCI in DCI1 on the PDCCH#1=(CRI #1, SSB #1), and TCI in DCI2 on the PDCCH #2=(CRI #2, SSB #1)).

As described above, it can be more efficient that the Type D QCL sourcesfor the plurality of PDSCHs are limited to SSB (which is a RStransmitted from a wider beam than CSI-RS).

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of(single) reception (analog) beam configuration.

(Proposal 1-1-2)

The proposal 1-1-2 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is not indicated viaDCI (i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=OFF) while all thePDSCHs are scheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE assumes that a QCL source of each PDSCH is the same as a QCLsource of a PDCCH (or the corresponding CORESET) scheduling each PDSCH.If Type D QCL sources of the respective PDCCHs are different from eachother, (1) the UE chooses a Type D QCL source of a (specific) singlePDCCH (or the corresponding CORESET) and assumes and/or applies it, or(2) the UE finds the same RS of RSs having a sQCL relationship with TypeD QCL sources of the respective PDCCHs (or the corresponding CORESETs)and assumes and/or applies the corresponding RS as the Type D QCLsources of the corresponding PDSCHs.

The above proposal is a method in which the basic capability UE matchesthe reception beams when Type D QCL sources indicated by thecorresponding TCIs are different, while maximally maintaining theexisting method in which each PDSCH TCI follows a TCI of the PDCCHscheduling the corresponding PDSCH.

For example, in the above, the ‘specific’ single PDCCH may be a PDCCH inwhich an end (or start) symbol location is later (or earlier), or aPDCCH received in CORESET with a higher (or lower) CORESET (group) ID.

As an example of finding the same RS of RSs having a sQCL relationshipwith Type D QCL sources of the respective PDCCHs (or the correspondingCORESETs) and assuming and/or applying the corresponding RS as the TypeD QCL sources of the corresponding PDSCHs, if CORESET1 TCI=(CSI-RS #x,CSI-RS #x) and CORESET2 TCI=(CSI-RS #y, CSI-RS #y), Type A QCL sourcesfor PDSCH1 and PDSCH2 scheduled in PDCCH1 and PDCCH2 received in eachCORESET respectively assume CSI-RS #x and CSI-RS #y, and when there isSSB #z spatially QCLed (by a chain rule) with both CSI-RS #x and CSI-RS#y for Type D QCL sources, SSB #z is assumed as a common Type D QCLsource of all the two PDSCHs.

The chain rule means that the QCL source may also be found by amulti-step QCL relationship as in RS A→RS B→RS C (→: denotes arelationship of QCL source and target).

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of(single) reception (analog) beam configuration.

(Proposal 1-1-3)

The proposal 1-1-3 may be applied when even one of all the PDSCHs isscheduled before the fixed time threshold.

If a specific PDSCH is allocated within the fixed time threshold, the UEassumes that (Type D) QCL sources (or spatial QCL information) of thecorresponding PDSCH and other PDSCH(s) (with which resource isoverlapped) are as a default (Type D) QCL source (in the same manner asthe (Type D) QCL source of the specific PDSCH) (even if thecorresponding PDSCH is allocated after the fixed time threshold).

The default QCL source (or default spatial QCL information) may be thesame as a TCI (default QCL information on the current NR standarddescribed above) corresponding to the lowest CORESET identify (ID) ofthe latest monitored CORESETs defined in the Rel-15 NR system. However,the corresponding default QCL source may be differently defineddepending on a UE capability (see the proposal 2 below).

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of(single) reception (analog) beam configuration.

(Proposal 1-2)

Next, for a basic UE capability UE, a method for when multiple PDCCHsjointly schedule a single PDSCH is described in detail.

In the proposal 1-2, information to be commonly applied to all layers ofPDSCH and information to be applied per layer group of PDSCH may bedividedly transmitted to the UE.

For example, PDSCH layer common information may be transmitted to DCI ofa specific PDCCH (e.g., using a specific DCI format), and informationspecified to a PDSCH layer group may be transmitted to DCI(s) of otherPDCCH(s).

For another example, DCI of each PDCCH is information corresponding toeach PDSCH layer group, and the PDSCH layer common information may beomitted in specific DCI(s) or may allow the UE operation to be definedin the form in which the UE ignores the corresponding information.

Examples of the layer common information may include a carrier and/orBWP indicator, VRB-PRB mapping, a PRB bundling size indicator, ratematching information, ZP CSI-RS trigger information, (part of) resourceallocation information, and/or (part of) HARQ and/or PUCCH relatedinformation. Examples of the layer group specific information mayinclude (part of) DMRS related information (e.g., antenna port, sequenceinitialization), MCS information, a new data indicator (NDI),(redundancy version), (part of) HARQ and/or PUCCH related information,and/or (part of) resource allocation information.

The proposal 1-2 is described below by being divided into a case ofsetting tci-PresentInDCI=ON while the PDSCH is scheduled after a fixedtime threshold compared to a PDCCH transmission time point inconsideration of a time required for DCI decoding, a time required for abeam change, etc. (proposal 1-2-1), a case of settingtci-PresentInDCI=OFF while the PDSCH is scheduled after the fixed timethreshold compared to the PDCCH transmission time point (proposal1-2-2), and a case in which even one of all the PDSCHs is scheduledbefore the fixed time threshold (proposal 1-2-3).

In this instance, it is more preferable that a criterion for whether ornot to exceed the threshold is based on the last transmitted PDCCH ofthe plurality of PDCCHs participating in allocating the correspondingPDSCH. For example, the cases are divided depending on whether based ona PDCCH with the latest end symbol location among the plurality ofPDCCHs, a start symbol transmission time point of the PDSCH compared toan end symbol transmission time point of the corresponding PDCCH exceedsthe threshold.

The threshold to be applied may be prescribed to (1) commonly apply theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR, or (2) be a scheduling offset value separately configuredand/or prescribed for applying to a multi-PDCCH based ILJT case (e.g.,when a plurality of overlapped PDSCHs is scheduled, or when a pluralityof CORESET groups is configured, or when a plurality of CORESET groupsis configured and PDCCHs (corresponding to specific RNTI and/or specificDCI format/type (e.g., DL grant)) are received from different CORESETgroups (within a predetermined time or at the same time)), or (3) applyby adding or multiplying a specific value (prescribed, or configuredand/or indicated by the base station) to or by theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR in the above case (e.g., 2× Threshold-Sched-Offset).

A reason to apply the way (2) or the way (3) is that when the UEperforms particularly the serial processing, it may take more time forthe UE to receive multi-PDCCH at a similar time point and then completeeach DCI decoding than time it takes for the UE to receive a singlePDCCH and then complete the DCI decoding. Which of the ways (1) to (3)is to be applied may vary depending on the (reported) capability of theUE, and the value or parameter set in the same way (e.g., the added ormultiplied value in the way (3)) may vary depending on the capability ofthe UE.

(Proposal 1-2-1)

The proposal 1-2-1 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is indicated via DCI(i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=ON) while the PDSCH isscheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE acquires QCL source information depending on information (e.g.,TCI) included in DCI(s). The UE acquires QCL source information for aspatial Rx parameter as layer common information (i.e., singleinformation), and QCL source information for other QCL parameter(s) aslayer group specific information (i.e., may be a plurality ofinformation).

For example, type D QCL source information is indicated only in DCI(e.g., group-common DCI, ‘specific DCI’ in the examples of the proposal1-1-1) transmitted on a specific PDCCH.

For another example, the UE ignores type D QCL source informationindicated in the remaining DCI(s) except DCI (e.g., group-common DCI,‘specific DCI’ in the examples of the proposal 1-1-1) transmitted on aspecific PDCCH, and acquires type D QCL source information based oninformation indicated in the specific DCI.

For another example, the UE acquires (type D) QCL source information tobe applied to each layer group via DCI and does not expect an occasionwhen Type D QCL source information is not matched.

For another example, the UE acquires (type D) QCL source information tobe applied to each layer group via DCI, and when Type D QCL sourceinformation is not matched, the UE finds a common RS having a sQCLrelationship (by a chain rule) with each Type D QCL source and assumesand/or configures the corresponding RS as the Type D QCL source.

In the proposal 1-2-1, (when the QCL source for the QCL parameter otherthan the spatial Rx parameter is different for each PDSCH,) the Type DQCL source may be limitedly applied only to a specific RS type (e.g.,SSB). For example, as illustrated in FIG. 18, when there are (narrowbeams) CSI-RS #1 and CSI-RS #2 that are sQCLed with (wide beam) SSB #1,it is more preferable that PDSCH layer group #1 indicates CSI-RS #1 asthe Type A QCL source and SSB #1 as the Type D QCL source, and PDSCHlayer group #2 indicates CSI-RS #2 as the Type A QCL source and SSB #1as the Type D QCL source. That is, the Type D QCL source may be layercommon and may be limited only to SSB.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of (single)reception (analog) beam configuration.

(Proposal 1-2-2)

The proposal 1-2-2 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is not indicated viaDCI (i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=OFF) while the PDSCH isscheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE assumes that a QCL source of each PDSCH layer group is the sameas a QCL source of PDCCH (or corresponding CORESET) containing DCItransmitting corresponding PDSCH layer group specific information. IfType D QCL sources of the respective PDCCHs are different from eachother, (1) the UE chooses a Type D QCL source of a (specific) singlePDCCH (or the corresponding CORESET) and assumes and/or applies it, or(2) the UE finds the same RS of RSs having a sQCL relationship with TypeD QCL sources of the respective PDCCHs (or the corresponding CORESETs)and assumes and/or applies the corresponding RS as the Type D QCL sourceof the PDSCH.

The above proposal is a method in which the (basic capability) UE canassume the Type D QCL source to be layer common while extending theexisting method, in which the PDSCH TCI follows a TCI of the PDCCHscheduling the corresponding PDSCH, to a method for a plurality ofPDCCHs in the ILJT scheme so that the QCL source can vary per PDSCHlayer group.

In the above, the ‘specific’ single PDCCH may be a PDCCH in which an end(or start) symbol location is later (or earlier), or a PDCCH received inCORESET with a higher (or lower) CORESET (group) ID.

As an example of finding the same RS of RSs having a sQCL relationshipwith Type D QCL sources of each PDCCH (or the corresponding CORESET) andassuming and/or applying the corresponding RS as the Type D QCL sourceof the PDSCH, if CORESET1 TCI=(CSI-RS #x, CSI-RS #x) and CORESET2TCI=(CSI-RS #y, CSI-RS #y), Type A QCL sources of the layer group #1 andthe layer group #2 for PDSCH jointly scheduled in PDCCH1 and PDCCH2received in each CORESET respectively assume CSI-RS #x and CSI-RS #y,and when there is SSB #z spatially QCLed (by a chain rule) with bothCSI-RS #x and CSI-RS #y with respect to Type D QCL sources to becommonly applied to all the layer groups, SSB #z is assumed and/orconfigured as PDSCH layer common Type D QCL source.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of (single)reception (analog) beam configuration.

(Proposal 1-2-3)

The proposal 1-2-3 may be applied when PDSCH is scheduled before thefixed time threshold.

The UE assumes that a (Type D) QCL source for all the layer(s) of thecorresponding PDSCH is a default (Type D) QCL source.

The default QCL source may be the same as a TCI (see default QCLinformation on the current NR standard described above) corresponding tothe lowest CORESET ID of the latest monitored CORESETs defined in theRel-15 NR system. However, the corresponding default QCL source may bedifferently defined depending on a UE capability (see the proposal 2).

For QCL parameter(s) other than the spatial Rx parameter, both a methodof following a default QCL source (i.e., non-ILJT operation in thiscase) and a method of separately defining and/or configuring a defaultQCL source per each layer group in this case may be considered. In thelater, for example, layer group1 may assume a QCL source of the lowestCORESET (group) ID as the default QCL source, and layer group2 mayassume a QCL source of the second lowest CORESET (group) ID may beassumed as the default QCL source.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of (single)reception (analog) beam configuration.

An operation method for the enhanced UE that is receivable via two ormore spatial Rx parameters at the same time (using a plurality ofreception panels) is described below.

Proposal 2

Next, for an enhanced UE capability UE, a method of performing amulti-PDCCH based ILJT operation is described in detail.

The proposal 2 is described below, for the enhanced UE capability UE, bybeing divided into a method for when each PDCCH schedules a separatePDSCH, and/or time locations of PDSCHs are partially or fully overlapped(proposal 2-1), and a method for when a single PDSCH is jointlyscheduled (proposal 2-2).

Methods described below are divided merely by way of example forconvenience of explanation, and it is a matter of course thatconfiguration of any method can be replaced by or combined and appliedto configuration of another method.

(Proposal 2-1)

First, for the enhanced UE capability UE, a method for when each PDCCHschedules a separate PDSCH, and/or time locations of PDSCHs arepartially or fully overlapped is described.

In the proposal 2-1, frequency locations of the respective PDSCHs may befully overlapped, partially overlapped, or non-overlapped.

The proposal 2-1 is described below by being divided into a case ofsetting tci-PresentInDCI=ON while the PDSCH is scheduled after a fixedtime threshold compared to a PDCCH transmission time point inconsideration of a time required for DCI decoding, a time required for abeam change, etc. (proposal 2-1-1), a case of settingtci-PresentInDCI=OFF while the PDSCH is scheduled after the fixed timethreshold compared to the PDCCH transmission time point (proposal2-1-2), and a case in which even one of all the PDSCHs is scheduledbefore the fixed time threshold (proposal 2-1-3).

The threshold to be applied may be prescribed to (1) commonly apply theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR, or (2) be a scheduling offset value separately configuredand/or prescribed for applying to a multi-PDCCH based ILJT case (e.g.,when a plurality of overlapped PDSCHs is scheduled, or when a pluralityof CORESET groups is configured, or when a plurality of CORESET groupsis configured and PDCCHs (corresponding to specific RNTI and/or specificDCI format/type (e.g., DL grant)) are received from different CORESETgroups (within a predetermined time or at the same time)), or (3) applyby adding or multiplying a specific value (prescribed, or configuredand/or indicated by the base station) to or by theThreshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/or configured (for non-ILJT) inRel-15 NR in the above case (e.g., 2× Threshold-Sched-Offset).

A reason to apply the way (2) or the way (3) is that when the UEperforms particularly the serial processing, it may take more time forthe UE to receive multi-PDCCH at a similar time point and then completeeach DCI decoding than time it takes for the UE to receive a singlePDCCH and then complete the DCI decoding. Which of the ways (1) to (3)is to be applied may vary depending on the (reported) capability of theUE, and the value or parameter set in the same way (e.g., the added ormultiplied value in the way (3)) may vary depending on the capability ofthe UE.

(Proposal 2-1-1)

The proposal 2-1-1 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is indicated via DCI(i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=ON) while all the PDSCHs arescheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE acquires QCL source information of each PDSCH from DCI of PDCCHscheduling the corresponding PDSCH.

In addition, when X or more different sQCL source information isindicated to the UE that can simultaneously receive signals and/orchannels with up to X different sQCL sources, the UE may select only XDCIs by a specific (prioritization) rule to acquire the correspondingsQCL information and ignore the remaining sQCL source information.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity ofreception (analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

(Proposal 2-1-2)

The proposal 2-1-2 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is not indicated viaDCI (i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=OFF) while all thePDSCHs are scheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE assumes that a QCL source of each PDCCH (CORESET) corresponds toa QCL source of PDSCH scheduled by the corresponding PDCCH.

In addition, when X or more different sQCL source information isindicated to the UE that can simultaneously receive signals and/orchannels with up to X different sQCL sources, the UE may select only XPDCCHs (or CORESETs) by a specific (prioritization) rule to acquire thecorresponding sQCL information and ignore the remaining sQCL sourceinformation.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity ofreception (analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

(Proposal 2-1-3)

The proposal 2-1-3 may be applied when even one of all the PDSCHs isscheduled before the fixed time threshold.

When a specific PDSCH is scheduled before the fixed time threshold, theUE applies and/or assumes a default TCI upon the reception of thecorresponding PDSCH. In this instance, a plurality of default TCIs maybe defined and/or configured for the enhanced UE (according to the UEreception panel and/or the number of beams), and which of the pluralityof default TCIs is to be applied may be prescribed and/or configured perCORESET.

(At least) one of the plurality of default TCIs may mean a TCI (defaultQCL information on the current NR standard described above)corresponding to the lowest CORESET ID of the latest monitored CORESETsdefined in the Rel-15 NR system.

For example, when the default TCI is prescribed and/or configured as inCORESET1→lowest CORESET ID and CORESET2→second lowest CORESET ID, the UEperforms buffering on one reception beam and/or panel according to TypeD QCL source indicated by a TCI of the lowest CORESET ID; performsbuffering on another one reception beam and/or panel according to Type DQCL source indicated by a TCI of the second lowest CORESET ID;demodulates PDSCH1 through the reception signal that has been bufferedvia the TCI of the lowest CORESET ID if a PDSCH scheduled in theCORESET1 is allocated within a threshold (which is time required forbeam switching after DCI decoding); and demodulates PDSCH2 through thereception signal that has been buffered via the TCI of the second lowestCORESET ID if a PDSCH scheduled in the CORESET2 is allocated within thethreshold (which is time required for beam switching after DCIdecoding).

In addition to the above method, in the proposal 2-1-3, a single defaultTCI may be prescribed and/or configured for all the PDSCHs, in order toperform the non-ILJT operation.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a plurality ofPDSCHs transmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels,and/or beams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity ofreception (analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

(Proposal 2-2)

Next, for the enhanced UE capability UE, a method for when multiplePDCCHs jointly schedule a single PDSCH is described in detail.

In the proposal 2-2, information to be commonly applied to all layers ofPDSCH and information to be applied per layer group of PDSCH may bedividedly transmitted to the UE.

For example, PDSCH layer common information may be transmitted to DCI ofa specific PDCCH (e.g., using a specific DCI format), and informationspecified to a PDSCH layer group may be transmitted to DCI(s) of otherPDCCH(s).

For another example, DCI of each PDCCH is information corresponding toeach PDSCH layer group, and the PDSCH layer common information may beomitted in specific DCI(s) or may allow the UE operation to be definedin the form in which the UE ignores the corresponding information.Examples of the layer common information may include a carrier and/orBWP indicator, VRB-PRB mapping, a PRB bundling size indicator, ratematching information, ZP CSI-RS trigger information, (part of) resourceallocation information, and/or (part of) HARQ and/or PUCCH relatedinformation. Examples of the layer group specific information mayinclude (part of) DMRS related information (e.g., antenna port, sequenceinitialization), MCS information, a new data indicator (NDI), aredundancy version (RV), (part of) HARQ and/or PUCCH relatedinformation, and/or (part of) resource allocation information.

The proposal 2-2 is described below by being divided into a case ofsetting tci-PresentInDCI=ON while the PDSCH is scheduled after a fixedtime threshold compared to a PDCCH transmission time point inconsideration of a time required for DCI decoding, a time required for abeam change, etc. (proposal 2-2-1), a case of settingtci-PresentInDCI=OFF while the PDSCH is scheduled after the fixed timethreshold compared to the PDCCH transmission time point (proposal2-2-2), and a case in which even one of all the PDSCHs is scheduledbefore the fixed time threshold (proposal 2-2-3).

In this instance, it is more preferable that a criterion for whether ornot to exceed the threshold is based on the last transmitted PDCCH ofthe plurality of PDCCHs participating in allocating the correspondingPDSCH. For example, the cases are divided depending on whether or notbased on a PDCCH with the latest end symbol location among the pluralityof PDCCHs, a start symbol transmission time point of the PDSCH comparedto an end symbol transmission time point of the corresponding PDCCHexceeds the threshold. The threshold to be applied may be prescribed to(1) commonly apply the Threshold-Sched-Offset value defined and/orconfigured (for non-ILJT) in Rel-15 NR, or (2) be a scheduling offsetvalue separately configured and/or prescribed for applying to amulti-PDCCH based ILJT case (e.g., when a plurality of overlapped PDSCHsis scheduled, or when a plurality of CORESET groups is configured, orwhen a plurality of CORESET groups is configured and PDCCHs(corresponding to specific RNTI and/or specific DCI format/type (e.g.,DL grant)) are received from different CORESET groups (within apredetermined time or at the same time)), or (3) apply by adding ormultiplying a specific value (prescribed, or configured and/or indicatedby the base station) to or by the Threshold-Sched-Offset value definedand/or configured (for non-ILJT) in Rel-15 NR in the above case (e.g.,2× Threshold-Sched-Offset).

A reason to apply the way (2) or the way (3) is that when the UEperforms particularly the serial processing, it may take more time forthe UE to receive multi-PDCCH at a similar time point and then completeeach DCI decoding than time it takes for the UE to receive a singlePDCCH and then complete the DCI decoding. Which of the ways (1) to (3)is to be applied may vary depending on the (reported) capability of theUE, and the value or parameter set in the same way (e.g., the added ormultiplied value in the way (3)) may vary depending on the capability ofthe UE.

(Proposal 2-2-1)

The proposal 2-2-1 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is indicated via DCI(i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=ON) while the PDSCH isscheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE acquires QCL source information to apply to each layer group froma single or multiple DCI(s).

As an example of DCI configuration, a specific TCI state may indicateQCL source information to apply to each of a plurality of layer groups(e.g., a TCI state 4 (Type A QCL source for layer group #1, Type A QCLsource for layer group #2, Type D QCL source for layer group #1, andType D QCL source for layer group #2)).

As another example of DCI configuration, a plurality of TCI states maybe indicated to the UE via a plurality of DCIs, and each TCI state mayindicate QCL source information to apply to a specific layer group(e.g., a TCI state from DCI #1→(Type A QCL source for layer group #1,Type D QCL source for layer group #1), and a TCI state from DCI #2→(TypeA QCL source for layer group #2, Type D QCL source for layer group #2)).

In addition, when X or more different sQCL source information isindicated to the UE that can simultaneously receive signals and/orchannels with up to X different sQCL sources, the UE may select only XDCIs by a specific (prioritization) rule to acquire the correspondingsQCL information and ignore the remaining sQCL source information.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of reception(analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

(Proposal 2-2-2)

The proposal 2-2-2 may be applied when PDSCH TCI is not indicated viaDCI (i.e., the case of setting tci-PresentInDCI=OFF) while the PDSCH isscheduled after the fixed time threshold.

The UE assumes that a QCL source of each PDSCH layer group is the sameas a QCL source of the PDCCH (or the corresponding CORESET) containingDCI transmitting the corresponding PDSCH layer group specificinformation.

The above proposal is a method of extending the existing method, inwhich the PDSCH TCI follows a TCI of the PDCCH scheduling thecorresponding PDSCH, to a method for a plurality of PDCCHs in the ILJTscheme so that the QCL source can vary per PDSCH layer group.

In addition, when X or more different sQCL source information isindicated to the UE that can simultaneously receive signals and/orchannels with up to X different sQCL sources, the UE may select only XPDCCHs (or CORESETs) by a specific (prioritization) rule to acquire thecorresponding sQCL information and ignore the remaining sQCL sourceinformation.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of reception(analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

(Proposal 2-2-3)

The proposal 2-2-3 may be applied when the PDSCH is scheduled before thefixed time threshold.

The proposal 2-2-3 applies and/or assumes a default TCI upon thereception of the corresponding PDSCH. In this instance, a default TCI toapply for each layer group may be separately defined and/or configuredfor the enhanced UE (according to the UE reception panel/the number ofbeams).

(At least) one of the plurality of default TCIs may mean a TCI (defaultQCL information on the current NR standard described above)corresponding to the lowest CORESET ID of the latest monitored CORESETsdefined in the Rel-15 NR system.

For example, the proposal may prescribe and/or configure a default TCIper CORESET, and then may apply the prescribed and/or configured defaultDCI to the corresponding CORESET upon the reception of the correspondinglayer group depending on the CORESET location at which PDCCH containinglayer group specific information is received.

In addition to the above method, in the proposal 2-2-3, a single defaultTCI may be prescribed and/or configured for all the layers, in order toperform the non-ILJT operation.

Hence, the present disclosure can allow the UE to receive a single PDSCHtransmitted from a plurality of base stations, TRPs, panels, and/orbeams based on a plurality of PDCCHs without ambiguity of reception(analog) beam configuration (for each reception panel).

When applying the proposed methods, the UE and the base station mayperform the following operation procedures.

Step 1: DL/UL Beam Management Procedure

This step is a process of matching a DL transmission (Tx)-reception (Rx)beam pair and an UL Tx-Rx beam pair between a base station and a UE (see“beam management” for a detailed description).

The present disclosure assumes that a plurality of base stations, TRPs,and/or panels may participate in this procedure (e.g., matching bestbeam pair(s) between each TRP and the corresponding UE).

Step 2: DL CSI Acquisition Procedure

This step is a procedure in which if (based on the matched beam pair inthe step1) the base station transmits CSI-RS to specific (serving) DLbeam pair(s), the UE performs the CSI reporting (see “CSI relatedprocedure” for a detailed description).

The present disclosure assumes that the plurality of base stations,TRPs, and/or panels may participate in this procedure (e.g., eachperforming CSI acquisition for a best beam pair between each TRP and thecorresponding UE).

Step 3: PDCCH Transmission and Reception Procedure for PDSCH Assignment

This step is a procedure in which if (based on CSI information acquiredby (each) base station in the step2) the base station transmits, to theUE, DL DCI containing PDSCH transmission resource location and MCS,antenna port information, HARQ related information, etc.

The present disclosure assumes that the plurality of base stations,TRPs, panels and/or beams participate in this procedure and transmit aplurality of PDCCHs to the UE (e.g., transmitting one PDCCH per basestation, TRP, panel, and/or beam).

The proposals 1-1 and 2-1 assume that each PDCCH assigns a separatePDSCH. In this instance, it is assumed that a symbol location at whicheach PDSCH is transmitted is (partially or fully) overlapped. Theproposals 1-2 and 2-2 assume that the plurality of PDCCHs (jointly)assign a signal PDSCH.

Step 4: PDSCH Transmission and Reception Procedure

This step is a procedure in which if the base station transmits thePDSCH depending on PDSCH assignment information in the DL DCItransmitted and received in the Step3, the UE receives it.

The present disclosure assumes that the plurality of PDSCHs may betransmitted to the UE in the proposals 1-1 and 2-1, and (a set of) thebase station, TRP, panel, and/or beam participating in each PDSCHtransmission may be different from each other.

However, the present disclosure assumes that the proposal 1-1 may belimitedly applied when the (analog) beams participating in transmissionfor all the PDSCHs are the same or have a similar beam direction (in thecase of RS with the same sQCLed source).

The examples of the proposal 1-1 have proposed the operation of the basestation and/or the UE depending on whether or not time locations of theassigned PDSCHs are within a specific time threshold compared to thePDCCH and whether or not TCI information of the PDSCH is indicated viaDCI.

However, the present disclosure assumes that the (analog) beamsparticipating in transmission for all the PDSCHs in the proposal 2-1 maybe different.

The examples of the proposal 2-1 have proposed the operation of the basestation and/or the UE depending on whether or not a time location of theassigned PDSCH is within a specific time threshold compared to the PDCCHand whether or not TCI information of the PDSCH is indicated via DCI.

In the present disclosure, the proposals 1-2 and 2-2 assume that asingle PDSCH is transmitted to the UE, and (a set of) the base station,TRP, panel, and/or beam participating in transmission per layer groupfor a plurality of layers constituting the PDSCH may be different fromeach other.

However, the present disclosure assumes that the proposal 1-2 may belimitedly applied when the (analog) beams participating in transmissionfor all the layer groups are the same or have a similar beam direction(in the case of RS with the same sQCLed source).

The examples of the proposal 1-2 has proposed the operation of the basestation and/or the UE depending on whether or not time locations of theassigned PDSCHs are within a specific time threshold compared to thePDCCH and whether or not TCI information of the PDSCH is indicated viaDCI.

However, the present disclosure assumes that the (analog) beamsparticipating in transmission for all the layer groups in the proposal2-2 may be different.

The examples of the proposal 2-2 have proposed the operation of the basestation and/or the UE depending on whether or not a time location of theassigned PDSCH is within a specific time threshold compared to the PDCCHand whether or not TCI information of the PDSCH is indicated via DCI.

Step 5: HARQ Procedure

This step is a procedure of determining whether a reception for thePDSCH received in the Step 4 succeeds or fails to configure ACKinformation if the reception succeeds (on a per CBG, codeword, and/or TBbasis) or configure NACK information if the reception fails, and thensending the corresponding information to the base station on theassigned PUSCH resources via PUCCH resources designated in the Step 3 ora separate procedure.

The methods proposed in the present disclosure may affect only the Step3 and the Step 4 on the standard document. In other words, the Step 1,the Step 2, and/or the Step 5 may be implemented using the existingstandard technology, and the order performing the correspondingprocedures may also be implementationally changed (e.g., performing theStep 2 and then performing the Step 1 for the beam re-adjustment).

FIG. 19 is a flow chart illustrating an operation method of a UEdescribed in the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 19, first, a UE (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) maytransmit, to a base station, UE capability information representing thenumber of simultaneously supportable beams, in S1901.

For example, an operation for the UE of the step S1901 to transmit theUE capability information may be implemented by devices of FIGS. 21 to25 to be described below. For example, referring to FIG. 22, one or moreprocessors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or moreRF units 1060, etc. in order to transmit the UE capability information,and one or more RF units 1060 may transmit the UE capabilityinformation.

Next, the UE (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may receive, from the basestation, independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)-relatedconfiguration information, in S1902.

For example, an operation for the UE of the step S1902 to receive theILJT-related configuration information may be implemented by the devicesof FIGS. 21 to 25 to be described below. For example, referring to FIG.22, one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040and/or one or more RF units 1060, etc. in order to receive theILJT-related configuration information, and one or more RF units 1060may receive the ILJT-related configuration information.

Next, the UE (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may receive a plurality ofPDCCHs from the base station based on the ILJT-related configurationinformation, in S1903.

For example, the ILJT-related configuration information may include atleast one of information for the plurality of PDCCHs scheduling aplurality of physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) that areoverlapped, and/or information for a control resource set (CORESET). Forexample, the control resource set may be a resource domain in which theUE can expect a reception of the PDCCH.

The control resource set may be configured based on at least one index(e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) representing a group of a control resource set.And/or, the number of at least one index may be based on the UEcapability information. The control resource set may refer to one ormore resource sets.

For example, when the UE does not simultaneously support a plurality ofbeams, a control resource set may be configured based on one index. Inother words, when the UE does not simultaneously support the pluralityof beams, only one or more control resource sets with the same index maybe configured in a specific bandwidth part. In this instance, theplurality of PDCCHs transmitted in the control resource set may betransmitted from the same transmission and reception end, panel, orbeam.

And/or, when the UE simultaneously supports two beams, the controlresource set may be configured based on two indexes. In other words,when the UE simultaneously supports two beams, one or more controlresource sets configured in a specific bandwidth part may be configuredwith different indexes. In this instance, a first PDCCH of a controlresource set with a first index may be transmitted from a differenttransmission and reception end, panel, or beam from a second PDCCH of acontrol resource set with a second index. And/or, the first PDCCH may bereceived based on different QCL information (or QCL source) for spatialparameter from the second PDCCH.

For example, an operation for the UE of the step S1903 to receive theplurality of PDCCHs may be implemented by the devices of FIGS. 21 to 25to be described below. For example, referring to FIG. 22, one or moreprocessors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or moreRF units 1060, etc. in order to receive the plurality of PDCCHs, and oneor more RF units 1060 may receive the plurality of PDCCHs.

Next, the UE (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may receive a plurality ofphysical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) from the base station basedon the plurality of PDCCHs. The plurality of PDCCHs may scheduledifferent PDSCHs.

For example, an operation for the UE to receive the plurality of PDSCHsmay be implemented by the devices of FIGS. 21 to 25 to be describedbelow. For example, referring to FIG. 22, one or more processors 1020may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or more RF units 1060,etc. in order to receive the plurality of PDSCHs, and one or more RFunits 1060 may receive the plurality of PDSCHs. And/or, the plurality ofPDCCHs may schedule different PDSCHs.

Since the operation of the UE described with reference to FIG. 19 is thesame as the operation of the UE described with reference to FIGS. 1 to18 (e.g., the proposals 1 and 2), a further description thereof isomitted.

The signalling and the operation described above may be implemented bydevices to be described below (e.g., see FIGS. 21 to 25). For example,the signalling and the operation described above may be processed by oneor more processors 1010 and 2020 of FIGS. 21 to 25, and may be stored ina memory (e.g., 1040 and 2040) in the form of command/program (e.g.,instruction, executable code) for executing at least one processor(e.g., 1010 and 2020) of FIGS. 21 to 25.

For example, in a device including one or more memories and one or moreprocessors functionally connected to the one or more memories, the oneor more processors may be configured to allow the device to transmit, toa base station, UE capability information representing the number ofsimultaneously supportable beams, receive independent layer jointtransmission (ILJT)-related configuration information from the basestation, and receive a plurality of PDCCHs from the base station basedon the ILJT-related configuration information, wherein the ILJT-relatedconfiguration information may be determined based on the UE capabilityinformation.

For another example, in a non-temporary computer readable medium (CRM)storing one or more commands, one or more commands that are executableby one or more processors may allow the UE to transmit, to a basestation, UE capability information representing the number ofsimultaneously supportable beams, receive independent layer jointtransmission (ILJT)-related configuration information from the basestation, and receive a plurality of PDCCHs from the base station basedon the ILJT-related configuration information, wherein the ILJT-relatedconfiguration information may be determined based on the UE capabilityinformation.

FIG. 20 is a flow chart illustrating an operation method of a basestation described in the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 20, first, a base station (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to25) may receive, from a UE, UE capability information representing thenumber of simultaneously supportable beams, in S2001.

For example, an operation for the base station of the step S2001 toreceive the UE capability information may be implemented by devices ofFIGS. 21 to 25 to be described below. For example, referring to FIG. 22,one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/orone or more RF units 1060, etc. in order to receive the UE capabilityinformation, and one or more RF units 1060 may receive the UE capabilityinformation.

Next, the base station (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may transmit, tothe UE, independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)-relatedconfiguration information, in S2002.

For example, an operation for the base station of the step S2002 totransmit the ILJT-related configuration information may be implementedby the devices of FIGS. 21 to 25 to be described below. For example,referring to FIG. 22, one or more processors 1020 may control one ormore memories 1040 and/or one or more RF units 1060, etc. in order totransmit the ILJT-related configuration information, and one or more RFunits 1060 may transmit the ILJT-related configuration information.

Next, the base station (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may transmit aplurality of PDCCHs to the UE based on the ILJT-related configurationinformation, in S2003.

For example, the ILJT-related configuration information may include atleast one of information for the plurality of PDCCHs scheduling aplurality of physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) that areoverlapped, and/or information for a control resource set (CORESET). Forexample, the control resource set may be a resource domain in which theUE can expect a reception of the PDCCH.

The control resource set may be configured based on at least one index(e.g., CORESETPoolIndex) representing a group of a control resource set.And/or, the number of at least one index may be based on the UEcapability information. The control resource set may refer to one ormore resource sets.

For example, when the UE does not simultaneously support a plurality ofbeams, a control resource set may be configured based on one index. Inother words, when the UE does not simultaneously support the pluralityof beams, only one or more control resource sets with the same index maybe configured in a specific bandwidth part. In this instance, theplurality of PDCCHs transmitted in the control resource set may betransmitted from the same transmission and reception end, panel, orbeam.

And/or, when the UE simultaneously supports two beams, the controlresource set may be configured based on two indexes. In other words,when the UE simultaneously supports two beams, one or more controlresource sets configured in a specific bandwidth part may be configuredwith different indexes. In this instance, a first PDCCH of a controlresource set with a first index may be transmitted from a differenttransmission and reception end, panel, or beam from a second PDCCH of acontrol resource set with a second index. And/or, the first PDCCH may bereceived based on different QCL information (or QCL source) for spatialparameter from the second PDCCH.

For example, an operation for the base station of the step S2003 totransmit the plurality of PDCCHs may be implemented by the devices ofFIGS. 21 to 25 to be described below. For example, referring to FIG. 22,one or more processors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/orone or more RF units 1060, etc. in order to transmit the plurality ofPDCCHs, and one or more RF units 1060 may transmit the plurality ofPDCCHs.

Next, the base station (1000/2000 of FIGS. 21 to 25) may transmit aplurality of physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs) to the UE basedon the plurality of PDCCHs. The plurality of PDCCHs may scheduledifferent PDSCHs.

For example, an operation for the base station to transmit the pluralityof PDSCHs may be implemented by the devices of FIGS. 21 to 25 to bedescribed below. For example, referring to FIG. 22, one or moreprocessors 1020 may control one or more memories 1040 and/or one or moreRF units 1060, etc. in order to transmit the plurality of PDSCHs, andone or more RF units 1060 may transmit the plurality of PDSCHs. And/or,the plurality of PDCCHs may schedule different PDSCHs.

Since the operation of the base station described with reference to FIG.20 is the same as the operation of the base station described withreference to FIGS. 1 to 19 (e.g., the proposals 1 and 2), a furtherdescription thereof is omitted.

The signalling and the operation described above may be implemented bydevices to be described below (e.g., see FIGS. 21 to 25). For example,the signalling and the operation described above may be processed by oneor more processors 1010 and 2020 of FIGS. 21 to 25, and may be stored ina memory (e.g., 1040 and 2040) in the form of command/program (e.g.,instruction, executable code) for executing at least one processor(e.g., 1010 and 2020) of FIGS. 21 to 25.

For example, in a device including one or more memories and one or moreprocessors functionally connected to the one or more memories, the oneor more processors may be configured to allow the device to receive,from a UE, UE capability information representing the number ofsimultaneously supportable beams, transmit independent layer jointtransmission (ILJT)-related configuration information to the UE, andtransmit a plurality of PDCCHs to the UE based on the ILJT-relatedconfiguration information, wherein the ILJT-related configurationinformation may be determined based on the UE capability information.

For another example, in a non-temporary computer readable medium (CRM)storing one or more commands, one or more commands that are executableby one or more processors may allow the base station to receive, from aUE, UE capability information representing the number of simultaneouslysupportable beams, transmit independent layer joint transmission(ILJT)-related configuration information to the UE, and transmit aplurality of PDCCHs to the UE based on the ILJT-related configurationinformation, wherein the ILJT-related configuration information may bedetermined based on the UE capability information.

Example of Communication System to which the Present Disclosure isApplied

Although not limited thereto, but various descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts described inthe present disclosure can be applied to various fields requiringwireless communication/connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

Hereinafter, the communication system will be described in more detailwith reference to drawings. In the following drawings/descriptions, thesame reference numerals will refer to the same or corresponding hardwareblocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, if not differentlydescribed.

FIG. 21 illustrates a communication system 10 applied to the presentdisclosure.

Referring to 21, a communication system 10 applied to the presentdisclosure includes a wireless device, a BS, and a network. Here, thewireless device may mean a device that performs communication by using awireless access technology (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution(LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot1000 a, vehicles 1000 b-1 and 1000 b-2, an eXtended Reality (XR) device1000 c, a hand-held device 1000 d, a home appliance 1000 e, an Internetof Thing (IoT) device 1000 f, and an AI device/server 4000. For example,the vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communicationfunction, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performinginter-vehicle communication, and the like. Further, the vehicle mayinclude an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., drone). The XR devicemay include an augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR)/mixed reality(MR) device and may be implemented as a head-mounted device (HMD), ahead-up display (HUD) provided in the vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, digitalsignage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The hand-held device may include asmart phone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, asmart glass), a computer (e.g., a notebook, etc.), and the like. Thehome appliance device may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washingmachine, and the like. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smartmeter, and the like. For example, the base station and the network maybe implemented even as the wireless device, and a specific wirelessdevice 2000 a may operate as a base station/network node for otherwireless devices.

The wireless devices 1000 a to 1000 f may be connected to a network 3000over a base station 2000. An artificial intelligence (AI) technology maybe applied to the wireless devices 1000 a to 1000 f, and the wirelessdevices 1000 a to 1000 f may be connected to the AI server 4000 over thenetwork 3000. The network 3000 may be comprised using a 3G network, a 4G(e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices1000 a to 1000 f may communicate with each other over the base station2000/network 3000, but may directly communicate with each other withoutgoing through the base station/network (sidelink communication). Forexample, the vehicles 1000 b-1 and 1000 b-2 may perform directcommunication (e.g., Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)/Vehicle to everything(V2X) communication). Further, the IoT device (e.g., sensor) may performdirect communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensor) or otherwireless devices 1000 a to 1000 f.

Wireless communications/connections 1500 a, 1500 b, and 1500 c may bemade between the wireless devices 1000 a to 1000 f and the base station2000 and between the base station 2000 and the base station 2000. Thewireless communication/connection may be made through various wirelessaccess technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication1500 a, sidelink communication 1500 b (or D2D communication), andinter-base station communication 1500 c (e.g., relay, integrated accessbackhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and the base station/the wirelessdevice and the base station and the base station may transmit/receiveradio signals to/from each other through wirelesscommunications/connections 1500 a, 1500 b, and 1500 c. For example, thewireless communications/connections 1500 a, 1500 b, and 1500 c maytransmit/receive signals on various physical channels. To this end,based on various descriptions of the present disclosure, at least someof various configuration information setting processes, various signalprocessing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding,modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/de-mapping, etc.), a resourceallocation process, etc. for transmission/reception of the radio signalmay be performed.

Example of Wireless Device to which the Present Disclosure is Applied

FIG. 22 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the presentdisclosure.

Referring to FIG. 22, a first wireless device 1000 and a second wirelessdevice 2000 may transmit and receive radio signals through variouswireless access technologies (e.g., LTE and NR). The first wirelessdevice 1000 and the second wireless device 2000 may correspond to thewireless device 1000 x and the base station 2000 and/or the wirelessdevice 1000 x and the wireless device 1000 x of FIG. 21.

The first wireless device 1000 may include one or more processors 1020and one or more memories 1040 and may further include one or moretransceivers 1060 and/or one or more antennas 1080. The processor 1020may control the memory 1040 and/or the transceiver 1060 and may beconfigured to implement descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operation flows described in the present disclosure. Forexample, the processor 1020 may process information in the memory 1040and generate first information/signal and then transmit a radio signalincluding the first information/signal through the transceiver 1060.Further, the processor 1020 may receive a radio signal including secondinformation/signal through the transceiver 1060 and then store in thememory 1040 information obtained from signal processing of the secondinformation/signal. The memory 1040 may be connected to the processor1020 and store various information related to an operation of theprocessor 1020. For example, the memory 1040 may store a software codeincluding instructions for performing some or all of processescontrolled by the processor 1020 or performing the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowchartsdescribed in the present disclosure. The processor 1020 and the memory1040 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed toimplement the wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE and NR). Thetransceiver 1060 may be connected to the processor 1020 and may transmitand/or receive the radio signals through one or more antennas 1080. Thetransceiver 1060 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. Thetransceiver 1060 may be mixed with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In thepresent disclosure, the wireless device may mean the communicationmodem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 2000 may include one or more processors 2020and one or more memories 2040 and may further include one or moretransceivers 2060 and/or one or more antennas 2080. The processor 2020may control the memory 2040 and/or the transceiver 2060 and may beconfigured to implement descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operation flows described in the present disclosure. Forexample, the processor 2020 may process information in the memory 2040and generate third information/signal and then transmit a radio signalincluding the third information/signal through the transceiver 2060.Further, the processor 2020 may receive a radio signal including fourthinformation/signal through the transceiver 2060 and then store in thememory 2040 information obtained from signal processing of the fourthinformation/signal. The memory 2040 may be connected to the processor2020 and store various information related to an operation of theprocessor 2020. For example, the memory 2040 may store a software codeincluding instructions for performing some or all of processescontrolled by the processor 2020 or performing the descriptions,functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowchartsdescribed in the present disclosure. The processor 2020 and the memory2040 may be a part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designated toimplement the wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE and NR). Thetransceiver 2060 may be connected to the processor 2020 and may transmitand/or receive the radio signals through one or more antennas 2080. Thetransceiver 2060 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver, and thetransceiver 2060 may be mixed with the RF unit. In the presentdisclosure, the wireless device may mean the communicationmodem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless devices 1000 and 2000will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one ormore protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 1020and 2020. For example, one or more processors 1020 and 2020 mayimplement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC,RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 1020 and 2020 maygenerate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and/or one or moreservice data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts described inthe present disclosure. One or more processors 1020 and 2020 maygenerate a message, control information, data, or information accordingto the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/oroperation flowcharts described in the present disclosure. One or moreprocessors 1020 and 2020 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal)including the PDU, the SDU, the message, the control information, thedata, or the information according to the function, the procedure, theproposal, and/or the method described in the present disclosure andprovide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060.One or more processors 1020 and 2020 may receive the signal (e.g.baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 and acquirethe PDU, the SDU, the message, the control information, the data, or theinformation according to the descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts described in the presentdisclosure.

One or more processors 1020 and 2020 may be referred to as a controller,a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or moreprocessors 1020 and 2020 may be implemented by hardware, firmware,software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signalprocessors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices(DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or morefield programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or moreprocessors 1020 and 2020. The descriptions, functions, procedures,proposals, and/or operation flowcharts described in the presentdisclosure may be implemented by using firmware or software and thefirmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures,functions, and the like. Firmware or software configured to perform thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, and/or operationflowcharts described in the present disclosure may be included in one ormore processors 1020 and 2020 or stored in one or more memories 1040 and2040 and driven by one or more processors 1020 and 2020. Thedescriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, and/or operationflowcharts described in the present disclosure may be implemented byusing firmware or software in the form of a code, the instruction and/ora set form of the instruction.

One or more memories 1040 and 2040 may be connected to one or moreprocessors 1020 and 2020 and may store various types of data, signals,messages, information, programs, codes, indications and/or instructions.One or more memories 1040 and 2040 may be comprised of a ROM, a RAM, anEPROM, a flash memory, a hard drive, a register, a cache memory, acomputer reading storage medium and/or a combination thereof. One ormore memories 1040 and 2040 may be positioned inside and/or outside oneor more processors 1020 and 2020. Further, one or more memories 1040 and2040 may be connected to one or more processors 1020 and 2020 throughvarious technologies such as wired or wireless connection.

One or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may transmit to one or more otherdevices user data, control information, a wireless signal/channel, etc.,mentioned in the methods and/or operation flowcharts of the presentdisclosure. One or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may receive from oneor more other devices user data, control information, a wirelesssignal/channel, etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions,procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts described inthe present disclosure. For example, one or more transceivers 1060 and2060 may be connected to one or more processors 1020 and 2020 andtransmit and receive the radio signals. For example, one or moreprocessors 1020 and 2020 may control one or more transceivers 1060 and2060 to transmit the user data, the control information, or the radiosignal to one or more other devices. Further, one or more processors1020 and 2020 may control one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 toreceive the user data, the control information, or the radio signal fromone or more other devices. Further, one or more transceivers 1060 and2060 may be connected to one or more antennas 1080 and 2080, and one ormore transceivers 1060 and 2060 may be configured to transmit andreceive the user data, control information, wireless signal/channel,etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals,methods, and/or operation flowcharts described in the present disclosurethrough one or more antennas 1080 and 2080. In the present disclosure,one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or aplurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or moretransceivers 1060 and 2060 may convert the received radio signal/channelfrom an RF band signal into a baseband signal, in order to process thereceived user data, control information, radio signal/channel, etc.,using one or more processors 1020 and 2020. One or more transceivers1060 and 2060 may convert the user data, control information, radiosignal/channel, etc., processed using one or more processors 1020 and2020, from the baseband signal into the RF band signal. To this end, oneor more transceivers 1060 and 2060 may include an (analog) oscillatorand/or filter.

Example of Signal Processing Circuit to which the Present Disclosure isApplied

FIG. 23 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a Tx signal.

Referring to FIG. 23, a signal processing circuit 10000 may include ascrambler 10100, a modulator 10200, a layer mapper 10300, a precoder10400, a resource mapper 10500, and a signal generator 10600. Althoughnot limited thereto, an operation/function of FIG. 23 may be performedby the processors 1020 and 2020 and/or the transceivers 1060 and 2060 ofFIG. 22. Hardware elements of FIG. 23 may be implemented in theprocessors 1020 and 2020 and/or the transceivers 1060 and 2060 of FIG.22. For example, blocks 10100 to 10600 may be implemented in theprocessors 1020 and 2020 of FIG. 22. Further, blocks 10100 to 10500 maybe implemented in the processors 1020 and 2020 of FIG. 22, and the block10600 may be implemented in the transceivers 1060 and 2060 of FIG. 22.

A codeword may be transformed into a radio signal via the signalprocessing circuit 10000 of FIG. 23. The codeword is an encoded bitsequence of an information block. The information block may includetransport blocks (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transportblock, etc.). The radio signal may be transmitted on various physicalchannels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH, etc).

Specifically, the codeword may be transformed into a bit sequencescrambled by the scrambler 10100. A scramble sequence used forscrambling may be generated based on an initialization value, and theinitialization value may include ID information, etc. of a wirelessdevice. The scrambled bit sequence may be modulated into a modulatedsymbol sequence by the modulator 10200. A modulation scheme may includepi/2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK), m-phase shift keying (PSK),m-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc. A complex modulated symbolsequence may be mapped to one or more transport layers by the layermapper 10300. Modulated symbols of each transport layer may be mapped toa corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 10400 (precoding). Anoutput z of the precoder 10400 may be obtained by multiplying an outputy of the layer mapper 10300 by a precoding matrix W of N*M, where N isthe number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transport layers.The precoder 10400 may perform precoding after performing transformprecoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulated symbols. Further,the precoder 10400 may perform the precoding without performing thetransform precoding.

The resource mapper 10500 may map the modulated symbols of each antennaport to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources mayinclude a plurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbol and DFT-s-OFDMAsymbol) in a time domain and include a plurality of subcarriers in afrequency domain. The signal generator 10600 may generate the radiosignal from the mapped modulated symbols, and the generated radio signalmay be transmitted to another device over each antenna. To this end, thesignal generator 10600 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform(IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) insertor, a digital-to-analogconverter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

A signal processing process for a received signal in the wireless devicemay be configured in the reverse of the signal processing processes10100 to 10600 of FIG. 23. For example, the wireless device (e.g., 1000and 2000 of FIG. 22) may receive the radio signal from the outsidethrough the antenna port/transceiver. The received radio signal may beconverted into a baseband signal through a signal reconstructor. To thisend, the signal reconstructor may include a frequency downlinkconverter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and aFast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal maybe reconstructed into the codeword through a resource de-mapper process,a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scramblingprocess. The codeword may be reconstructed into an original informationblock via decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (notillustrated) for the receive signal may include a signal reconstructer,a resource demapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and adecoder.

Utilization Example of Wireless Device to which the Present Disclosureis Applied

FIG. 24 illustrates another example of a wireless device applied to thepresent disclosure.

The wireless device may be implemented in various types of devicesaccording to usage examples/services (see FIG. 21). Referring to FIG.24, wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may correspond to the wirelessdevices 1000 and 2000 of FIG. 22 and may be comprised of variouselements, components, units, and/or modules. For example, the wirelessdevices 1000 and 2000 may include a communication unit 1100, a controlunit 1200, and a memory unit 1300, and an additional element 1400. Thecommunication unit 1100 may include a communication circuit 1120 and atransceiver(s) 1140. For example, the communication circuit 1120 mayinclude one or more processors 1020 and 2020 and/or one or more memories1040 and 2040 of FIG. 22. For example, the transceiver(s) 1140 mayinclude one or more transceivers 1060 and 2060 and/or one or moreantennas 1080 and 2080 of FIG. 22. The control unit 1200 is electricallyconnected to the communication unit 1100, the memory unit 1300, and theadditional element 1400 and controls an overall operation of thewireless device. For example, the control unit 1200 may anelectrical/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on aprogram/code/instruction/information stored in the memory unit 1300.Further, the control unit 1200 may transmit the information stored inthe memory unit 1300 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices)through the communication unit 1100 via a wireless/wired interface, orstore information received from the outside (e.g., other communicationdevices) via the wireless/wired interface through the communication unit1100.

The additional element 1400 may be variously configured according to thetype of wireless device. For example, the additional element 1400 mayinclude at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output (I/O)unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limitedthereto, the wireless device may be implemented as a form such as therobot 1000 a of FIG. 21, the vehicles 1000 b-1 and 1000 b-2 of FIG. 21,the XR device 1000 c of FIG. 21, the portable device 1000 d of FIG. 21,the home appliance 1000 e of FIG. 21, the IoT device 1000 f of FIG. 21,a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safetydevice, an MTC device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or financialdevice), a security device, a climate/environment device, an AIserver/device 4000 of FIG. 21, the base station 2000 of FIG. 21, anetwork node, etc. The wireless device may be movable or may be used ata fixed place according to use examples/services.

In FIG. 24, all of various elements, components, units, and/or modulesin the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may be interconnected via thewired interface or at least may be wirelessly connected through thecommunication unit 1100. For example, the control unit 1200 and thecommunication 1100 in the wireless devices 1000 and 2000 may be wiredlyconnected and the control unit 1200 and the first unit (e.g., 1300 or1400) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 1100.Further, each element, component, unit, and/or module in the wirelessdevices 1000 and 2000 may further include one or more elements. Forexample, the control unit 1200 may be constituted by one or moreprocessor sets. For example, the control unit 1200 may be configured aset of a communication control processor, an application processor, anelectronic control unit (ECU), a graphic processing processor, a memorycontrol processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit 1300 may beconfigured as a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a readonly memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatilememory, and/or combinations thereof.

FIG. 25 illustrates a portable device applied to the present disclosure.

The portable device may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearabledevice (e.g., a smart watch, a smart glass), and a portable computer(e.g., a notebook, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as amobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station(MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or awireless terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 25, a portable device 1000 may include an antenna unit1080, a communication unit 1100, a control unit 1200, a memory unit1300, a power supply unit 1400 a, an interface unit 1400 b, and aninput/output unit 1400 c. The antenna unit 1080 may be configured as apart of the communication unit 1100. The blocks 1100 to 1300/1400 a to1400 c correspond to the blocks 1100 to 1300/1400 of FIG. 24,respectively.

The communication unit 1100 may transmit/receive a signal (e.g., data, acontrol signal, etc.) to/from other wireless devices and base stations.The control unit 1200 may perform various operations by controllingcomponents of the portable device 1000. The control unit 1200 mayinclude an application processor (AP). The memory unit 1300 may storedata/parameters/programs/codes/instructions required for driving theportable device 1000. Further, the memory unit 1300 may storeinput/output data/information, etc. The power supply unit 1400 a maysupply power to the portable device 1000 and include a wired/wirelesscharging circuit, a battery, and the like. The interface unit 1400 b maysupport a connection between the portable device 1000 and anotherexternal device. The interface unit 1400 b may include various ports(e.g., an audio input/output port, a video input/output port) for theconnection with the external device. The input/output unit 1400 c mayreceive or output a video information/signal, an audioinformation/signal, data, and/or information input from a user. Theinput/output unit 1400 c may include a camera, a microphone, a userinput unit, a display 1400 d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.

For example, in the case of data communication, the input/output unit1400 c may acquire information/signal (e.g., touch, text, voice, image,video, etc.) input from the user, and the acquired information/signalmay be stored in the memory unit 1300. The communication unit 1100 maytransform the information/signal stored in the memory into the radiosignal and directly transmit the radio signal to another wireless deviceor transmit the radio signal to the base station. Further, thecommunication unit 1100 may receive the radio signal from anotherwireless device or base station and then reconstruct the received radiosignal into original information/signal. The reconstructedinformation/signal may be stored in the memory unit 1300 and then outputin various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through theinput/output unit 140 c.

The embodiments described above are implemented by combinations ofcomponents and features of the present disclosure in predeterminedforms. Each component or feature should be considered selectively unlessspecified separately. Each component or feature can be carried outwithout being combined with another component or feature. Moreover, somecomponents and/or features are combined with each other and canimplement embodiments of the present disclosure. The order of operationsdescribed in embodiments of the present disclosure can be changed. Somecomponents or features of one embodiment may be included in anotherembodiment, or may be replaced by corresponding components or featuresof another embodiment. It is apparent that some claims referring tospecific claims may be combined with another claims referring to theclaims other than the specific claims to constitute the embodiment oradd new claims by means of amendment after the application is filed.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented by variousmeans, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or combinationsthereof. When embodiments are implemented by hardware, one embodiment ofthe present disclosure can be implemented by one or more applicationspecific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs),digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices(PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers,microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.

When embodiments are implemented by firmware or software, one embodimentof the present disclosure can be implemented by modules, procedures,functions, etc. performing functions or operations described above.Software code can be stored in a memory and can be driven by aprocessor. The memory is provided inside or outside the processor andcan exchange data with the processor by various well-known means.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosurecan be embodied in other specific forms without departing from essentialfeatures of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the aforementioneddetailed description should not be construed as limiting in all aspectsand should be considered as illustrative. The scope of the presentdisclosure should be determined by rational construing of the appendedclaims, and all modifications within an equivalent scope of the presentdisclosure are included in the scope of the present disclosure.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

Although the present disclosure has described a method of transmittingand receiving a PDCCH in a wireless communication system, focusing onexamples applying to the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A system, and the 5G system (newRAT system), the present disclosure can be applied to various wirelesscommunication systems other than these systems.

1. A method of transmitting, by a base station, a plurality of physicaldownlink control channels (PDCCHs) in a wireless communication system,the method comprising: receiving, from a user equipment (UE), UEcapability information representing a number of simultaneouslysupportable beams; transmitting, to the UE, independent layer jointtransmission (ILJT)-related configuration information; and transmitting,to the UE, the plurality of PDCCHs based on the JUT-relatedconfiguration information, wherein the JUT-related configurationinformation is determined based on the UE capability information.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the JUT-related configuration informationincludes at least one of information for the plurality of PDCCHsscheduling a plurality of physical downlink shared channels (PDSCHs)that are overlapped, and/or information for a control resource set(CORESET).
 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the control resource set isconfigured based on at least one index representing a group of a controlresource set.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a number of the at leastone index is based on the UE capability information.
 5. The method ofclaim 4, wherein, when the UE does not simultaneously support aplurality of beams, a control resource set is configured based on oneindex.
 6. The method of claim 4, wherein, when the UE simultaneouslysupports two beams, the control resource set is configured based on twoindexes, wherein a first PDCCH of a control resource set with a firstindex is transmitted from a different transmission and reception point,panel, or beam from a second PDCCH of a control resource set with asecond index.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first PDCCH isreceived based on different QCL information for spatial parameter fromthe second PDCCH.
 8. A base station transmitting a plurality of physicaldownlink control channels (PDCCHs) in a wireless communication system,the base station comprising: one or more transceivers: one or moreprocessors; and one or more memories functionally connected to the oneor more processors and storing instructions performing operations,wherein the operations include: receiving, from a user equipment (UE),UE capability information representing a number of simultaneouslysupportable beams; transmitting, to the UE, independent layer jointtransmission (ILJT)-related configuration information; and transmitting,to the UE, the plurality of PDCCHs based on the JUT-relatedconfiguration information, wherein the JUT-related configurationinformation is determined based on the UE capability information.
 9. Thebase station of claim 8, wherein the JUT-related configurationinformation includes at least one of information for the plurality ofPDCCHs scheduling a plurality of physical downlink shared channels(PDSCHs) that are overlapped, and/or information for a control resourceset (CORESET).
 10. The base station of claim 9, wherein the controlresource set is configured based on at least one index representing agroup of a control resource set.
 11. The base station of claim 10,wherein a number of the at least one index is based on the UE capabilityinformation.
 12. The base station of claim 11, wherein, when the UE doesnot simultaneously support a plurality of beams, a control resource setis configured based on one index.
 13. The base station of claim 11,wherein, when the UE simultaneously supports two beams, the controlresource set is configured based on two indexes, wherein a first PDCCHof a control resource set with a first index is transmitted from adifferent transmission and reception point, panel, or beam from a secondPDCCH of a control resource set with a second index.
 14. The basestation of claim 13, wherein the first PDCCH is received based ondifferent QCL information for spatial parameter from the second PDCCH.15. A device comprising: one or more memories; and one or moreprocessors functionally connected to the one or more memories, whereinthe one or more processors are configured to allow a base station to:receive, from a user equipment (UE), UE capability informationrepresenting a number of simultaneously supportable beams; transmit, tothe UE, independent layer joint transmission (ILJT)-relatedconfiguration information; and transmit, to the UE, the plurality ofPDCCHs based on the JUT-related configuration information, wherein theJUT-related configuration information is determined based on the UEcapability information.
 16. (canceled)